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Based on the analysis of foreign sources, the article examines the issues of functional interaction between states of fear and stress in an extreme situation. These experiences or states determine important aspects of personality behavior in extreme situations. The paper shows ambiguity and some confusion about understanding the hierarchical functional development of these states: sometimes stress is called the cause of the development of fears, which, in turn, begins to increase stress, or fear acts a source of stress response in a particular situation. Studies by foreign stress specialists show some return to the original (long-known) data regarding understanding the development of stress and methods of relieving its effects. In addition, in foreign literature, the problem of mutual impact of fear and stress in an extreme situation is not sufficiently informative, which allows national studies to fill the gap, and, in a sense, to implement a «pioneering» work.

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The article presents experimental confirmations of the validityof the hypothesis that the theoretical construct “subpersonality”,in addition to the psychological content, really reflects thephysiological preparation of a person to provide a certain typeof response. It is shown that the activation of one subpersonalityinstead of another one can be accompanied by significantchanges in the heart rate variability, which has been estimatedusing the Baevsky stress index (SI). The article presents someexperimental data demonstrating the possibility of using theBaevsky stress index (SI) to evaluate the effectiveness of Sandplaytherapy and sand modeling as psychocorrective and trainingmethods, ranking the elements used in them according tothe strength and nature of the emotional impact on a person.