Sindrom «khronicheskogo kriticheskogo sostoyaniya» (KHKS) ob"yedinyayet patsiyentov s dlitel'noy zavisimost'yu ot zhizneobespechivayushchikh metodov terapii. U znachitel'noy doli patsiyentov puskovym faktorom KHKS sluzhat tyazhelyye povrezhdeniya golovnogo mozga. Chislo issledovaniy po izucheniyu mikrobioty pri razlichnykh patologicheskikh sostoyaniyakh rastet s kazhdym godom, odnako osobennosti mikrobioty kishechnika pri KHKS vse yeshche nedostatochno izucheny. Tsel'yu raboty bylo vyyavit' svyaz' izmeneniy taksonomicheskogo sostava mikrobioty kishechnika, vospalitel'nykh i nevrologicheskikh syvorotochnykh biomarkerov s tyazhest'yu porazheniya tsentral'noy nervnoy sistemy u patsiyentov v KHKS. V sravnitel'nom prospektivnom issledovanii u 29 patsiyentov s porazheniyem TSNS v KHKS metodom PTSR v real'nom vremeni (PTSR-RV) obnaruzheny izmeneniya taksonomicheskogo sostava mikrobioty. Korrelyatsionnyy analiz urovney biomarkerov i predstaviteley mikrobioty kishechnika vyyavil statisticheski znachimyye korrelyatsii: kortizola s F. prausnitzii (r = –0,62; p < 0,05) i B. thetaiotaomicron (r = –0,57; p < 0,05) v gruppe patsiyentov v vegetativnom sostoyanii; koeffitsiyenta SRB/al'bumin s S. aureus (r = 0,72; p < 0,05), B. fragilis group/F. prausnitzii s S100 (r = 0,45; p < 0,05) v gruppe patsiyentov s sokhrannym soznaniyem; rezul'tatov po shkale komy Glazgo s urovnem Enterococcus spp. (r = –0,77; p < 0,05) v obeikh gruppakh. Takim obrazom, kompleksnaya diagnostika s primeneniyem metoda PTSR-RV i sovremennykh biomarkerov pozvolyayet otsenit' svyaz' taksonomicheskikh izmeneniy sostava mikrobioty kishechnika so stepen'yu nevrologicheskogo defitsita. Dannyy podkhod pozvolit optimizirovat' ispol'zovaniye antibakterial'nykh preparatov i/ili razrabotat' al'ternativnyye strategii dlya meneye agressivnogo vozdeystviya na mikrobiotu kishechnika.
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