The subject of the study  is the formation of the structure of a network enterprise, considered as a set of interacting enterprises in a networked Internet environment that implements a value chain. To build the structure of the network enterprise, it is proposed to use and support the ontology of the network enterprise, which conceptually reflects the models of products and related production and business processes throughout the life cycle. At the same time, the focus is on the implementation of flexible processes for creating innovative products using intelligent model-oriented technologies.The purpose of the study  is to build an algorithm for forming the structure of a network enterprise that would ensure the best implementation of the value chain with minimal risks of mismatch of designs and production processes with qualitative value characteristics and requirements for an innovative product. The construction of an algorithm for forming the structure of a network enterprise involves solving the problems of modeling the structure of an innovative product based on an analysis of qualitative value characteristics and requirements for product components, its creation processes, distribution of roles of enterprise participants and analysis of their capabilities.Methods. As the main research method is the method of constructing a model of “digital thread” of creating an innovative product. The most complete application of this method is carried out as part of the reference model of enterprise architecture for Industrie 4.0 (RAMI). The resulting conceptual model of an innovative product and related production and business processes is implemented using an ontological approach. It is proposed to use a combination of QFD (Quality Function Deployment) methods for deploying the structure of a network enterprise and analyzing the types and consequences of potential FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) inconsistencies.The main results of the study are ontology and the algorithm for forming the structure of the network enterprise. A distinctive feature of the proposed ontology of the network enterprise is a clear separation of the valuable qualitative characteristics of the product and the requirements for its creation, as well as the allocation of the abilities of participants in enterprises to implement the necessary processes. The novelty of the presented algorithm for the formation of the structure of a network enterprise lies in the combined application of the QFD and FMEA methods, as well as in the iteration of modeling the structure of an innovative product from the position of the best implementation of quality value characteristics and functional requirements.Conclusions, prospects. The proposed algorithm for creating the structure of a network enterprise allows you to get the best decisions on the criterion for assessing the highest rating for the implementation of quality characteristics and requirements for the components of the value chain and its participants, provided that minimal risk assessments of the mismatch between the designs and processes of creating innovative products are obtained. The developed ontology and the algorithm for forming the structure of the network enterprise is of practical importance for creating an intelligent system for supporting the adoption of innovative decisions for the dynamic construction of network enterprises in the Internet environment.

Исследования проводили в 2018-2019 гг. в условиях Республики Марий Эл на дерново-подзолистой почве. Изучали отзывчивость 5 сортов ярового тритикале на основное внесение минеральных удобрений N60P60K60 и азотную подкормку N30 в фазу кущения. В 2018 году на неудобренном фоне зерновая продуктивность сортов Ровня (стандарт), Саур и Доброе (3,80-4,07 т/га) была достоверно ниже, чем у сортов Хайкар и Заозерье (4,31-4,81 т/га). Внесение N30 в фазу кущения на фоне без внесения минеральных удобрений под предпосевную культивацию обеспечило получение достоверной прибавки урожайности у сортов Хайкар (0,67 т/га, или +15 % к контролю), Доброе (0,68 т/га, или +17 %) и Саур (0,77 т/га, или +20 %,). Окупаемость минеральных удобрений, внесенных под предпосевную культивацию, прибавкой урожая зерна была невысокой (3,7-7,7 кг). Внесение азотной подкормки на фоне без применения минеральных удобрений под предпосевную культивацию было эффе ктивным: сорта Хайкар, Саур и Доброе обеспечивали окупаемость внесенного 1 кг удобрений 22-25 кг зерна. В неблагоприятных засушливых агроклиматических условиях 2019 года урожайность изучаемых сортов снизилась до 2,17-3,84 т/га, но была достоверно выше на 0,4-1,0 т/га контрольного сорта Ровня. Прибавки урожая от азотной подкормки были менее существенными и достигали достоверных величин (НСР05 = 0,25 т/га) у стандартного сорта Ровня (на фонах N0P0K0 и N60P60K60)-0,35 и 0,51 т/га соответственно, сорта Доброе (на фоне N0P0K0)-0,39 т/га и сорта Хайкар (N60P60K60)-0,44 т/га. Основное внесение N60P60K60 под предпосевную культивацию позволило существенно увеличить производство кормового зерна в сравнении с неудобренным фоном: у стандарта Ровня-на 0,42 т/га, Саур-0,42 т/га, Доброе-0,94 т/га, Хайкар-0,32 т/га, Заозерьена 0,34 т/га. Содержание белка в зерне сортов ярового тритикале было наибольшим (13,9-15,8 %) в вариантах с основным внесением удобрений и азотной подкормкой. Максимальную отзывчивость на внесение минеральных удобрений проявил сорт тритикале Доброе в оба года исследований. Ключевые слова: основное внесение минеральных удобрений, азотная подкормка в кущение, урожайность, фуражное зерно, белок Благодарности: работа выполнена при поддержке Минобнауки РФ в рамках Государственного задания ФГБНУ «Федеральный аграрный научный центр Северо-Востока имени Н. В. Рудницкого» (тема № 0528-2019-0091). Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы. Конфликт интересов: авторы заявили об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

During implementing any project related to improving the financial and economic activities of the enterprise, creating a new product or technology, significantly improving the quality of the product or service being produced, investments and, first of all, financial investments are needed. The proposed article attempts to consider the process of investing in the implementation of a construction project in terms of its optimization, or at least rationalization. It is clear that the solution of this problem by conducting an economic experiment in the course of a realistic project carries an increased risk of the company losing capital. This risk is virtually eliminated if the experiment is carried out on the model. Today, undeservedly little attention is paid to economic and mathematical dependencies, built on the basis of S-models. In this article, we give a detailed example of the use of S-modelling in determining the rational volume of investments in the project of building a cottage community, identify the opportunities and problems of using such models, and identify areas for further research within the framework of the proposed topic.

The aim of the researchis to develop a prototype of the intelligent multi-agent system for dynamic interaction of the intelligent agents in the integrated information and educational space to solve the problem of formation of joint educational programs by several educational institutions.Materials and methods.In modern conditions of digital transformation of education the organization of network training of students on dynamically formed educational programs in accordance with the needs of the labor market and the individual requirements of students is becoming increasingly important. It is proposed to develop a software platform based on intelligent multi-agent technology for flexible integration of educational resources and implementation of joint educational programs by several interacting educational institutions. As a basis for the development of the software prototype architecture, the specifications of the developer community for the standardization of agent technologies FIPA (the Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents), and the software tool environment – JADE framework (Java Agent Development Network) were chosen.Results.The paper presents the architecture of intelligent multi-agent system for network interaction of educational institutions in the integrated information and educational space, which allows to dynamically forming educational programs in accordance with the requested professional competencies. The structure of the ontology of information and educational space, providing the interaction of intelligent agents, is justified, and the mechanism of its display from the OWL format to the format of the tool environment JADE, using the plugin Protege is described. The description of the software prototype, the structure of intelligent agents in the JADE format and the technology of agent interaction, based on the FIPA protocols in the process of educational programs formation is presented.Conclusion.The implementation of the multi-agent system prototype for network interaction of educational institutions allows you to quickly create educational programs in accordance with individual and group learning trajectories under the specific formed professional competence. The presented software prototype with some modification can be used for other subject areas of the digital economy, involving the dynamic formation of network structures of interaction for business partners.

From the standpoint of system analysis and current requirements of Higher Attestation Commission of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation to dissertation research, the linear structure of a scientific article in the journal is determined. In fact, the work can be seen as guidelines for authors on the preparation of the articles, including the publications in the scientific journal «Russian Journal of Management» (ISSN 2308-3565).