The study is devoted to the analysis of geomagnetic field disturbances and the response of the Schumann resonance (SR) during the eruption of the Tonga volcano in 2022. The data on geomagnetic field variations at distances from 800 to 15,000 km from the volcano according to the INTERMAGNET network and parameters of SR signals recorded at Mikhnevo Observatory in Russia were used. The source of global geomagnetic disturbances are acoustic–gravity waves (AGWs), which caused changes in ionospheric conductivity, values of ionospheric currents, and the geomagnetic field. The propagation velocity of magnetic disturbances 263 ± 5 m/s, corresponding to the AGWs velocity, was determined and an independent estimate of the time of the eruption phase that caused the generation of the atmospheric wave (4:14 ± 10 UT) was obtained. A new method of processing the results of measurements of SR disturbance with a time resolution of 5 min instead of the usual 10–15 min allowed not only to detect but also to study this phenomenon in detail. The peculiarities of signals related to the number and energy of lightning discharges were revealed. Synchronous measurements of SR signals and geomagnetic field variations in a single observatory for the first time allowed to obtain an independent estimate of the eruption time and the electromagnetic disturbance propagation rate.

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Abstract. In this paper we present ultraviolet to near infrared spectrographic observations of high-speed artificial plasma jet interactions with the ionosphere. The plasma .jets were injected quasi-parallel to the magnetic field at an altitude of 140 km during the Fluxus -1 and-2 experiments. The jets contained aluminum ions and were generated using a shaped-charge device known as an Explosive Type Generator (ETG). Satellite-based spectrographic observations of the plasma jet show typical auroral emission features associated with electron impact excitation. The auroral features include emission at 135.6 nm (eI) and 557.7 nm (eI). The 135.6 nm emission was prompt while the 557.7 nm was observed for 5 seconds. The most likely source of these auroral emissions are ionospheric and magnetospheric electrons that neutralize the plasma jet.

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