1 ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Екатеринбург; 2 ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Челябинск; 3 ГАУЗ Тюменской области «Областной офтальмологический диспансер», Тюмень; 4 ГБУ «Курганский областной госпиталь для ветеранов войн», Курган; 5 БУ Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа -Югры «Окружная клиническая больница», Ханты-Мансийск Для цитирования: Коротких С.А., Бобыкин Е.В., Экгардт В.Ф., и др. Интравитреальные инъекции в условиях реальной клинической практики: результаты опроса врачей-офтальмохирургов Уральского федерального округа // Офтальмологические ведомости." Интравитреальные инъекции (ИВИ) широко распространены в современной офтальмологической практике в качестве способа доставки лекарственных препаратов при различных патологиях заднего отрезка глаза. Несмотря на накопленный опыт, некоторые аспекты выполнения процедуры остаются дискутабельными. Кроме того, в литературе нет данных о практических аспектах проведения ИВИ в России в реальных клинических условиях. В данной работе проанализированы результаты анонимного опроса 74 офтальмологов Уральского федерального округа, осуществлённого в 2018 г. с помощью оригинальной анкеты, включавшей 20 вопросов. Установлено, что респонденты в целом разделяют традиционный для России подход к ИВИ как к полостной офтальмологической операции. В ходе опроса выявлено отсутствие единых подходов и неполное следование современным руководящим принципам в отдельных аспектах выполнения процедуры, в связи с чем предложены корректирующие мероприятия." Ключевые слова: интравитреальные инъекции; опрос; реальная клиническая практика; антиангиогенная терапия; профилактика эндофтальмита; руководящие указания.
Background.Anti-VEGF therapy is currently regarded as the gold standard for the treatment of many macular diseases, while the results of its application in real clinical practice are often inferior to those from randomized clinical trials. Materials and methods.A study group was formed on the basis of a retrospective analysis of the medical data of patients who received anti-VEGF therapy with ranibizumab and/or aflibercept according to registered indications, and who discontinued their follow-up in the clinic (n= 214). A phone survey of patients concerning the reasons for loss to follow-up with a statistical analysis of the obtained data was carried out. Results.The majority of patients (81.3%) discontinued observation in the clinic within two years from the start of therapy (the median duration of treatment was 7 (3; 18) months). Patients with all considered diseases had an increase in best corrected visual acuity during treatment (p 0.000001), which confirms the high efficiency of the method. According to the results of the phone survey, the following categories of respondents were identified: complete cessation of treatment 120 (56.1%) patients, change of clinic 20 (9.3%), death 23 (10.7%), status not established 51 (23.8%). The most frequent reasons for stopping treatment were dissatisfaction with its results (59 cases; 49.2%), financial burden (49; 40.8%), and systemic comorbidities (24; 20.0%). Conclusion.Searching approaches to increase patients treatment adherence is one of the priorities for improving anti-VEGF therapy.
Currently, intravitreal injections are firmly in the lead as a drug delivery method for treatment of a wide range of eye diseases. With the accumulation of clinical material, knowledge about the complications and side effects of this technique is expanding. One of the undesirable phenomena that has been actively studied recently is the ingress of silicone oil droplets from single-use syringes and needles used to perform the procedure into the vitreous cavity of patients eyes. The analysis of the results of original studies on this issue is carried out, and the currently available practical recommendations aimed at reducing the risk of this complication are presented. The article is illustrated with original clinical examples. It can be concluded that the penetration of silicone oil into the eye cavity during intravitreal injections is an urgent problem of modern ophthalmology that requires further investigation and solution.
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