* введение. Раствор дексаметазона фосфата в официнальной дозировке (0,1 %) обладает выра-женным местным противовоспалительным эффектом. Однако его широкое применение в лечении больных с синдромом «сухого глаза» ограничено наличием деструктивного процесса в роговице. Учитывая это обстоятельство, нами разработан лекарственный препарат, содержащий 0,01 % рас-твор дексаметазона фосфата в комбинации с 6 % поливинилпирролидоном и 1,5-5,5 % раство-ром декстрозы [3]. цель. Изучить влияние лекарственного препарата на динамику воспалитель-ного процесса в тканях глазной поверхности больных с синдромом «сухого глаза». Материалы и методы. Материал исследования составили результаты обследования и лечения 25 больных (50 глаз) с синдромом «сухого глаза» различной этиологии. До начала лечения и на 28-й день исследо-вания оценивали индекс нижнего слёзного мениска, продукцию, стабильность, осмолярность преро-говичной слёзной плёнки, прокрашивание эпителия глазной поверхности витальными красителями. Кроме этого, всем пациентам предложена анкета для оценки субъективных признаков ксероза эпите-лия глазной поверхности. В слёзной жидкости и плазме крови методом твердофазной ИФА определяли содержание цитокинов: IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-1Ra, TNF-α, INF-α, INF-γ. Результаты. К 28-му дню лечения отмечено статистически достоверное повышение индекса слёз-ного мениска, стабильности прероговичной слёзной плёнки, основной и суммарной слёзопродукции, а также снижение осмолярности слёзной плёнки, степени прокрашивания эпителия глазной поверх-ности витальными красителями и выраженности субъективных проявлений ксероза глазной поверх-ности. Заключение. Установлена высокая клиническая эффективность разработанного препарата в комплексной терапии больных с синдромом «сухого глаза» различной этиологии.* ключевые слова: синдром «сухого глаза»; противовоспалительная терапия; содержание цито-кинов в слёзной жидкости.
During recent years, the problem of treatment «dry eye» syndrome in patients with chronic blepharitis is very important. But until there are no rational standards how to treat such patients. We investigated group of 44 adults with the chronic blepharitisand concomitant dry eye syndrome. In present article, рresented are the treatment results of artificial tear drug usage in patient with «dry eye» syndrome and chronic blepharitis.
This review discusses the results of various studies conducted in recent years on the comparison of modern methods of measuring intraocular pressure (IOP) in children: pneumotonometry, Maklakov applanation tonometry, and tonometry using Perkins tonometer, Goldmann tonometer, Icare tonometer, Ocular Response Analyzer, TonoPen handheld tonometer, transpalpebral tonometer TIOP01, or a dynamic contour Pascal tonometer. This study discusses the advantages and disadvantages of different methods of measurement of IOP in children, including the evaluation of patients with fibrous lens capsules that might affect the measurement of IOP and an analysis of the characteristics of evaluation of IOP in children with congenital glaucoma.
Myopia in schoolchildren is a serious problem. The frequency of its detection in the lower grades of the school is 68%, and by the end of school at least 2530%. In special school this indicator reaches 50%, which is associated with more intense and longer visual loads, prolonged work at the computer and more frequent use of other electronic storage media. The genesis and progression of myopia is largely due to the intensive educational process in which schoolchildren are involved already from the first year of study, as well as to the corresponding violations of the hygiene of their visual work at close range. The article presents the results of a retrospective analysis of case histories of 53 school-age children living in St. Petersburg. The role of socio-hygienic factors related to the schoolchildrens connected their family life (including material well-being) and the availability of modern technical means (computers, video game consoles, mobile phones, etc.) was studied. An analysis of external factors (deficient physical activity of the child, change of the daily regimen, later visit of the childs parents by an ophthalmologist), which have a negative impact on the development and progression of myopia in schoolchildren, was also relevant. Based on the results of the study, recommendations were developed for the observation and correction of myopia in schoolchildren.
Depending on the cause of a “dry eye” the treatment of some patients continues to be a problem. While treatment is usually limited to tear replacement, other therapies may be needed based on the cause of the dry eye syndrome. In the article, the literature is summarized as to the agents used to treat the “dry eye syndrome” basssed on the etiology. and presence of accompanying xerosis complications In addition, the article describes additional treatment trends such as anti-inflammatories, immunosuppressives, and drops stimulating tear production. Attention is also paid to the lacrimal pathway occlusion methods in using punctual plugs and other surgical methods. The authors advocate for the wide use of the different treatment methods available to treat complex “dry eye” syndrome patients.
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