The authors analyzed the sanitary and parasitological state of the soil of the Astrakhan region for 2014 – 6 months of 2020, using the materials of their own laboratory research and research of the center for hygiene and epidemiology in the Astrakhan region. In total, during the analyzed period, 8 144 soil samples were studied, and 16 288 studies were performed. The total number of samples that did not meet the sanitary and parasitological indicators was 6,7 %. Thus, in 2014, 16,7 % of soil samples (n = 1368) were examined for sanitar-parasitological indicators, of which 5,0 % of samples did not meet the standards. In 2015, soil studies were also conducted – 12,2 %, of which 6,4 % were unsatisfactory. Thus, in 2016, 15,1 % of soil samples were examined, of which 9,3 % were unsatisfactory. In 2017, 13,4 % of soil samples were examined, of which 7,4 % were unsatisfactory. In 2018, studies of soil samples for parasitic indicators amounted to 16,8 %, of which 7,4 % were unsatisfactory. In 2019 17,5 % of soil samples were examined – the largest number of samples studied compared to previous years. 6,5 % of the samples did not meet the standard indicators. For 6 months of 2020, 8,3 % of soil samples were examined, of which 4,2 % did not meet the sanitary and parasitological indicators. Thus, the sanitaryparasitological state of the soil in recent years continues to be relatively unfavorable, as evidenced by positive findings in the form of larvae and eggs of helminths, as well as in the form of cysts of pathogenic intestinal protozoa. The presence of Strongylid larvae and Toxocar eggs in the soil indicates contamination of this object with the feces of invasive animals (cats and/or dogs). And the presence of unfertilized Ascaris and blastocysts eggs indicates contamination of this object with the feces of infected people, or there was an accident and a break in the sewer network at this object.
Objective. We studied the contamination of the soil with helminth-protozoan infestations in Astrakhan region for 20102019. Materials and methods. The research work was carried out in the Laboratory of Bacteriological and Parasitological Research of the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Astrakhan Region in 20102019. A total of 10 692 soil samples were examined, and 11 384 studies were performed. The number of samples, which did not meet the sanitary and parasitological indicators was 7.0 % (753 samples). Eggs and larvae of helminths, as well as cysts of pathogenic intestinal protozoa were found in these samples. Results. During the analyzed period, 86 491 samples of sanitary and parasitological studies were selected and examined in the Astrakhan region, of which 93.6 % (80 962 samples) were samples taken from various environmental objects (water, soil, manure, flushes from solid household surfaces). The total share of soil samples in the structure of all studies of environmental objects was 13.2 % (10 692 samples). Conclusions. Parasitic contamination of the soil remains tense, as evidenced by positive findings in the form of eggs and larvae of helminths, as well as cysts of pathogenic intestinal protozoa. The presence of toxocara eggs and strongylid larvae in the soil indicates contamination of this object with the feces of infected animals. The presence of eggs of ascarids, opisthorchis, pygmy tapeworm and cysts of dysentery amoeba in the soil may indicate that this object is contaminated with the feces of persons with parasitic infestation, or about accidents on the sewer network and underflooding of soil sampling sites.
Objective. To study the sanitary and parasitological state of food products in Astrakhan Region for their contamination with eggs and larvae of helminths, as well as cysts of pathogenic intestinal protozoa. Materials and methods. The work was carried out on the basis of the Laboratory of Bacteriological and Parasitological Research of the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Astrakhan Region in 20152019. A total of 1.430 food samples were examined and 2207 studies were performed during the analyzed period. The number of unsatisfactory samples was 4.6 % (n = 66) the following was found: larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis 84.8 % (n = 56), eggs and metacercariae of Opisthorchis felineus 4.5 % (n = 3), cysts of Entamoeba histolytica, larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis + Ascaris lumbricoides 3.0 % (n = 2), eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides and Enterobius vermicularis 1.5 % (n = 1) and larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis + Toxocara Canis 1.5 % (n = 1). Results. The largest number of selected and investigated food samples was accounted for fruit and vegetable samples 54.3 % (n = 777), of which 8.4 % (n = 65) of the samples were unsatisfactory. In these samples, larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis were found 86.2 % (n = 56) of all positive findings of fruit and vegetable products, eggs of Opisthorchis felineus and cysts of Entamoeba histolytica 3.1 % (n = 2 each), as well as unfertilized eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides and eggs of Enterobius vermicularis 1.5 % (n = 1 each). In addition to isolated findings, there were noted cases of mixed invasion: larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis + unfertilized eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides-3.1 % (n = 2) and larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis + eggs of Toxocara canis 1.5 % (n = 1). Conclusions. The presence of Toxocara eggs and strongylid larvae on the samples of fruit and vegetable products indicates soil contamination with feces of invasive animals. The presence of ascarid eggs on food indicates contamination of the soil with the feces of infested persons. The presence of opisthorchis eggs on the samples of cucumbers and tomatoes, and cysts of dysentery amoeba on the samples of cucumbers and cabbage indicates contamination of water used for watering these products with eggs and cysts of pathogenic intestinal protozoa. The presence of pinworm eggs on cucumbers indicates contact of an infected person with this product. Contamination may have occurred when the product was transported to the laboratory.
Objective. To study the sanitary and parasitologic state of environmental objects in Astrakhan Region for 20152019 at the example of studying the samples of soil, water and solid surface washes. Materials and methods. Over the period from 2015 to 2019, at the laboratory departments of The Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in Astrakhan Region, 15253 samples from different environmental objects were taken, 21850 studies were carried out. The number of samples, which did not satisfy the hygienic norms, was 2.5 % (383 samples). Results. For the analyzed period, 4002 samples (26.2 %) of soil from the territory of Astrakhan and Astrakhan Region were taken and studied; 8004 investigations were performed. The number of samples, which did not satisfy the hygienic standards, was 7.5 % (300 samples). The number of samples of the washes from the solid surfaces was 56.7 % (8656 samples). Unsatisfactory samples made up 0.01 % (1 sample) in this sample, teniid oncospheres were detected (2019). The study of water samples taken from different water objects formed 17.0 % (2595 samples) out of the number of all sanitary and parasitologic studies carried out in 20152019. Water was taken from different sources of water supply including centralized water supply, water from swimming pools, water from open reservoirs and wastewater. Conclusions. The presence of moving larvae of palisade worms and toxocar eggs in the soil confirms the infested animal fecal contamination of this object, and the presence of ascarid, opisthorchis, Hymenolepis nana, teniid oncospheres eggs and dysentery amoeba cysts in the soil the infested human fecal contamination. The presence of teniid oncospheres in the solid indoor washes demonstrates the contact of the infested person with this object. The presence of helminth eggs and larvae, typical for animals and human being in the samples taken from the open reservoirs indicates, first of all, contamination of these objects by feces of infested human beings and/or animals as well as the supposed version of water contamination by wastewater. The presence of eggs and larvae of helminths in the wastewater, dangerous for animals and human beings, testifies to a low-quality work of treatment facilities.
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