The relevance of the article is determined by its historiographical purpose – to show that a number of provisions of the concept of D. N. Ovsyaniko-Kulikovsky were ahead of their time and developed thoroughly only in modern interdisciplinary areas of Linguistics. These provisions emphasized that artistic speech is a psychological activity of a person, which is influenced by socio–cultural factors via specific combinations with individual psychological factors in the personality of each creator. That is why the researcher strives to study the problems of artistic creativity as an integral system of "psychology of language, thought and creativity". This approach is based on the deep conviction that all elements of the human psyche are increasingly synthesized evolutionarily, and only this leads to the appearance of personality. The research is based on the material of the scientist’s articles and articles of a number of authors of "Issues of Theory and Psychology of Creativity" in 1907–1923.

No abstract

No abstract

The author offers an associative experiment as an effective means for identifying the psychologically relevant content of the word and its specificity in various languages. The comparative study of lexical units is usually based on explanatory dictionaries, which cannot fix the dynamics of language units connected to the oral activity of individuals. The author theoretically justifies the identification of a set of features of association, which make it possible to effectively compare the structure and content of associative fields of different words and languages. It is highlighted in the article that it is important to interpret the relation between stimulus and reaction, rather than the content of a particular associate. It allows us to offer fundamentally different parameters for creating associative fields of compared languages. The field is based now only on frequency of associates. The "stimulus – reaction" relation that is regarded as a verbal action makes it possible to actualize the motive of the verbal action in the semantics of associates. This allows us to clarify methods of identifying the personal meaning represented by the associate and to find out dominant features of the association that may become the basis for determining the semantic difference between meanings. The author sets parameters by which one can estimate how the meaning of a word of the compared languages changes. The parameters help to define: a decrease in the number of actualized semantic signs in different zones of the associative field; reduction of the diversity of reactions and the number of single reactions in the associative fields; the prevalence of the number of conceptual and operational reactions over emotionally evaluative reactions and reactions-conceptions; a decrease in the number of metaphorical and nationally specific or culturally significant reactions; changing of the positive connotation of a lexeme to neutral and negative; the number of rejections (in percentage correlation with the total set of associates).

No abstract