Ðîñò ïðîèçâîäñòâà è èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ íàíîìàòåðèàëîâ ìîaeåò ïðèâåñòè ê ïîÿâëåíèþ íîâûõ âèäîâ çàãðÿçíåíèÿ îêðóaeàþùåé ñðåäû, â òîì ÷èñëå âîäíûõ ýêîñèñòåì. Òàêèì íîâûì âèäîì çàãðÿçíåíèÿ ñðåäû ìîaeåò îêàçàòüñÿ çàãðÿçíåíèå âîäíîé ñðåäû íàíî÷àñòèöàìè. Íåîáõîäèìî áîëåå ïîëíîå èññëåäîâàíèå áèîëîãè÷åñêèõ ýôôåêòîâ ïðè âîçäåéñòâèè íàíî÷àñòèö íà âîä-íûå îðãàíèçìû. Èçó÷àëè âçàèìîäåéñòâèÿ íàíî÷àñòèö çîëîòà (Au) ñ âîäíûìè ìàêðîôèòàìè Ceratophyllum demersum. Èñïîëüçîâàëè âîäíûå ìèêðîêîñìû ñ ýòèìè ðàñòåíèÿìè. Íàíî÷àñòè-öû çîëîòà (Au) äîáàâëÿëè â âîäíóþ ñðåäó ìèêðîêîñìîâ, ñîäåðaeàùèõ ìàêðîôèòû C. demersum. Çàòåì àíàëèçèðîâàëè ñîñòîÿíèå ðàñòåíèé. Âïåðâûå ïîêàçàíà ôèòîòîêñè÷íîñòü íàíî÷àñòèö Au äëÿ âîäíûõ ìàêðîôèòîâ. Ïðåäëîaeåí è óñïåøíî àïðîáèðîâàí íîâûé ìåòîä âûÿâëåíèÿ ôè-òîòîêñè÷íîñòè. Ôèòîòîêñè÷íîñòü âûÿâëåíà ïðè êîíöåíòðàöèè çîëîòà (â ôîðìå íàíî÷àñòèö) 6 · 10 -6 Ì-1,8 · 10 -5 Ì.

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The environmental hazard is the transport of toxic ions and aluminium oxides entering the hydrosphere. In addition to solving global issues of maintaining environmental wellbeing through sustainable development, it is necessary to solve the technological problems of cleaning water bodies from excessive aluminium. One of the effective measures to solve such problems is the use of phytoremediation - a set of methods for treating wastewater and water bodies with the help of aquatic plants. The study of aquatic organisms (hydrobionts) ecology shows how do they affect the physical and chemical parameters of the environment, including the hydrosphere. Our study in measuring the concentration and toxicity of aluminium ions in the aquatic environment based on the results of experiments with aquatic plants (macrophytes) Ceratophyllum and Chara fragilis, as well as with the higher aquatic plant Callitriche palustris Linne showed the possibility in initiating self-purification processes of hydrosphere objects from mentioned pollutants. Another option in preventing hydrosphere pollution by aluminium compounds should be based on implementation the noospheric transformation of the educational system for national economy specialists in accordance with proposals, given in the paper.

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