Using non-traditional raw meats is a promising direction of the meat industry. They include venison and meat from yak, elk, red deer, rabbits, ostriches, upland game, and musk-ox. The study aimed to compare the biochemical and physicochemical parameters of the meat from reindeer, elk, and musk-ox living in the Yenisei North. We found that these meats had a high biological value. First, we studied the composition of amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals in the meat from reindeer of various sex and age groups. We found that the difference between the contents of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids and their ratio in adult and young reindeer males was in favour of young males, while these parameters did not differ in the meat from reindeer females of various age groups. Nevertheless, reindeer females had a higher content of saturated acids compared to reindeer male meat. Further, we studied the composition of amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals in Taimyr elk and musk-ox meats. According to the results, the contents of essential amino acids in Taimyr elk and musk-ox meats were 60% and 55%, respectively. In both cases, the dominant amino acids were leucine, isoleucine, lysine, and valine. The study revealed the benefits of using indigenous meats in sausage production. Finally, we showed the influence of starter cultures on the quality of dry sausages and developed formulations of venison-based sausages.

Mechanical, damping and specific properties of new structural high-damping steel have been studied in the present research. Studied high-damping steel was specially produced by the JSC Severstal in order to obtain metallic material with specified level of damping and mechanical properties. Experiments show that the damping properties of industrial high-damping steel are comparable with damping properties of high-purity damping alloys, produced using laboratory equipment. Mechanical properties of the industrial high-damping steel were found to be comparable with the level of properties of well-known structural steels, widely used in the modern industry. Analysis of the combination of mechanical and specific properties of the new steel indicates that this material can be used for the construction of rigid structures requiring high damping. Specific features of practical application of high-damping steels are also discussed.

No abstract

The analysis of the current state of production of rare earth metals (REM) in Russia and in the world was made. Information about REM production in different countries of the world and about new foreign projects for REM production and processing is provided. The article presents the balance of production, export and import of raw materials and products with REM, including scandium and yttrium, in Russia. The maximum volume of REM consumption in Russia was calculated taking into account imported products with REM. This data was compared with other countries, including the former USSR. Much attention is paid to the use of REM in metallurgy. Data on the influence of REM on the properties of cast iron and steel are presented. Information is given about the forms of REM used for their use in the Russian ferrous metallurgy. We have studied the structure of REM consumption in ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy. On the example of two enterprises (one of them specializes in mass production, and the second – on production of special steels), the structure of REM consumption for steel alloying was studied by type and scope of its application. The development peculiarities of REM consumption in Russian ferrous metallurgy were investigated. The volume of consumption was calculated; data on imports of raw materials with REM for metallurgy and the producers of ferroalloys with REM in Russia is given. We have analyzed the spectrum of steel products with REM. A comparison of the consumption of REM in the metallurgy of Russia and foreign countries is presented. The reasons for insufficient consumption of REM in the Russian metallurgy are considered, an assessment is given on the change in production volumes of certain types of steel and cast iron, and recommendations are made on the growth of REM consumption in metallurgy.