This article is concerned with the infection, which was one of the major causes of infant mortality more than 60 years ago. With the introduction of vaccination against pertussis into the national programs, physicians rarely face severe pertussis infection forms in their practice. However until now this infectious disease remained a serious problem not only in Russia but in the whole world. Several global reasons contribute to the fact that until now vaccine-preventable infection leads to a prolonged, debilitating cough in schoolchildren, misleading the doctors withthe incorrect diagnosis, and is still a real threat to infants.

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The literature review offers modern anemia diagnostics principles. The latest data on the pathogenetic changes occurring in the body at certain anemia syndrome kinds are stated in detail. Special attention is given to anemia developing in the setting of chronic diseases.

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