<p>This publication presents the clinical observation in a paediatric patient with haemangioma of the left stomach. The effectiveness of surgical treatment of this disease is also noted. We assess the challenges in diagnosis and the choice of treatment of this pathology in children and the effectiveness of surgical treatment disease.<br />Primary cardiac tumours are rare; vascular tumours and haemangiomas are rarer. The clinical picture of heart haemangioma is non-specific and varies as per its location and size. Echocardiography is the main diagnostic method for this disease. However, in most cases of preoperative diagnostic examination, the pre-surgery diagnosis is not confirmed. The final diagnosis of capillary haemangioma is established following immunohistochemical staining of the surgical material. Thus far, owing to the rare occurrence, a generally accepted tactic for the treatment of such patients with vascular heart tumours has not been developed.<br />This clinical case describes our experience of treating a rare pathology in children with unusual localisation as well as the rapid successful surgical removal of the tumour without complications and with a favourable post-surgery recovery period.</p><p>Received 14 May 2020. Revised 15 June 2020. Accepted 26 June 2020.</p><p><strong>Funding:</strong> The study did not have sponsorship.</p><p><strong>Conflict of interest:</strong> Authors declare no conflict of interest.</p><p><strong>Author contributions</strong> <br />Literature review: U.G. Kolbik, A.V. Gorustovich, Y.I. Linnik<br />Illustrations: U.G. Kolbik, I.V. Sakharov, V.V. Drozdovskaya <br />Drafting the article: U.G. Kolbik, A.V. Gorustovich, I.V. Sakharov<br />Critical revision of the article: I.V. Sakharov, M.M. Shved, Yu.I. Linnik<br />Surgical treatment: A.V. Gorustovich, M.M. Shved, U.G. Kolbik<br />Final approval of the version to be published: U.G. Kolbik, A.V. Gorustovich, Yu.I. Linnik, M.M. Shved, V.V. Drozdovskaya, <br />I.V. Sakharov, K.V. Drozdovski</p>

Objective to study the way medical students are using electronic devices in subway cars, to check their self-assessment of the concomitant risks, and to evaluate the level of artificial lighting in the subway cars. Material and methods.The study involved the sociological, instrumental, and statistical methods. 123 students of the "Medical College No. 2", 272 students of Pirogov Medical University, 176 teachers of the university and the college were interviewed. The traceable measurement of the level of artificial illumination in the subway cars was done using the combined instrument "TKA-PKM (43)". Statistical processing was performed using the software package Statistica 10.0. Results.79.7% of college students, 93.4% of university students and 30.9% of teachers use electronic devices on public transport daily. The risk of using electronic devices in transport is subjectively underestimated by 21.9% of college students, 49.2% of university students and 16.4% of teachers. The study revealed that in the wi-fi zone of Moscow Metro passenger trains in cars of 81-714 and 81-714.5m types, the artificial illumination was not providing optimal conditions for visual performance. In the hygienic education of medical students, the university and college teachers should play a leading role, as they have professional knowledge on healthy lifestyle issues and are able to use this knowledge in their professional activities. Conclusion.We identified the risk factor that contributes to development of vision disorders in the medical students. This factor is controllable and can be neutralised by the formation of healthy lifestyle skills among medical students. Keywords:electronic devices, artificial lighting, organ of sight, hygienic education. Conflict of interest:nothing to disclose.

Введение. Работа посвящена исследованию функционального состояния миокарда у детей на фоне синдрома WPW.Цель. Установить морфофункциональные признаки и причины, способствующие формированию дисфункции миокарда у детей с синдромом WPW.Материалы и методы. Данная работа выполнена среди детей, имеющих синдром WPW (108 детей), феномен WPW (48 детей), и у детей без признаков синдрома/феномена (38 детей). Всем детям проводились традиционная эхокардиография и ЭКГ. Полученные эхокардиографические показатели были стандартизованы с учетом площади поверхности тела (Pettersen M.D. et al., 2008). Выделено 4 типа синдрома WPW. В группе детей с синдромом WPW проведено эндокардиальное картирование с определением локализации дополнительных проводящих путей.Результаты. У детей, имеющих синдром WPW, установлено увеличение толщины межжелудочковой перегородки в обе фазы сердечного цикла, но более выраженное в фазу диастолы (р<0,001), утолщение задней стенки левого желудочка в фазу диастолы (р=0,003). Такие изменения размерных параметров нами выявлены у 27,5–35,8% детей с синдромом. Они носили компенсированный характер и не проявлялись клинически признаками недостаточности кровообращения. Манифестирующий тип синдрома WPW был преобладающим (43,5%) у детей с синдромом WPW и сопровождался изменениями диастолической функции. Скрытый тип синдрома был вторым по частоте (36,6%), характеризовался минимальными изменениями. Наиболее часто в изучаемой нами группе детей с синдромом WPW встречались левосторонние дополнительные атриовентрикулярные соединения (ДАВС) (52,5%; р<0,001). Для них было характерно более частое в 1,6 раза (χ2=5,58; р=0,02) наличие пролапса митрального клапана. Полученные нами результаты указывают на наличие ранних инструментальных признаков дисфункции миокарда среди детей с приступами ПТ при синдроме WPW.Выводы. Дисфункция миокарда у детей, имеющих синдром WPW, выявляется посредством ультразвукового исследования у 12,2–37,4% обследованных. Она сопровождается изменением диастолических размеров левого желудочка, отсутствием снижения его сократительной функции. Выявлена взаимосвязь между анатомическим расположением ДАВС и размерами сердечных структур. Отмечена высокая стигматизация по синдрому дисплазии соединительной ткани у детей с синдромом WPW – до 44,3% (р=0,002). Introduction. The work is devoted to the study of the functional state of the myocardium in children with WPW syndrome.Purpose. To reveal the morphological and functional signs and causes that contribute to the formation of myocardial dysfunction in children with WPW syndrome.Materials and methods. This work was performed in children with WPW syndrome (108 children), WPW phenomenon (48 children), and in children without the signs of the syndrome / phenomenon (38 children). All children underwent traditional echocardiography and ECG. The resulting echocardiographic parameters were standardized, taking into account the surface area of the body (Pettersen M.D. et al., 2008). There are 4 types of WPW syndrome. In the group of children with WPW syndrome, endocardial mapping was performed to determine the localization of additional pathways.Results. In children with WPW syndrome, the increase of the thickness of the interventricular septum in both phases of the cardiac cycle, but more pronounced in the diastole phase (p<0.001), thickening of the posterior wall of the left ventricle in the diastole phase (p=0.003) were found. Changes in diastolic function were compensated. In general, we detected the changes in diastolic function in 27.5–35.8% of children with the syndrome. They were of a compensated nature and did not show the clinical signs of circulatory insufficiency. The manifesting type of WPW syndrome was predominant (43.5%) in children with WPW syndrome, and it was accompanied by the changes in diastolic function. The latent type of the syndrome was the second in frequency (36.6%), characterized by minimal changes. The most frequently studied group of children with WPW syndrome was the left-sided additional atrio-ventricular connections (52.5%; p<0.001). They were characterized by a 1.6-fold more frequent occurrence (χ2=5.58; p=0.02) of mitral valve prolapse. Our results indicate the presence of early instrumental signs of arrhythmogenic dysfunction in children with PT attacks in WPW syndrome.Conclusions. Myocardial dysfunction in children with WPW syndrome is detected with the help of ultrasound in 12.2–37.4% of the examined patients. It is accompanied by the change in diastolic parameters of the left ventricle, without changes in its contractile function. The relationship between the anatomical location of additional atrio-ventricular connections and the size of the heart structures was revealed. High stigmatization of connective tissue dysplasia syndrome in children with WPW syndrome was noted – up to 44.3% (p=0.002).