Artículo de publicación ISISome 290 species of squids comprise the order Teuthida that belongs to the molluscan Class Cephalopoda. Of these, about 30-40 squid species have substantial commercial importance around the world. Squid fisheries make a rather small contribution to world landings from capture fisheries relative to that of fish, but the proportion has increased steadily over the last decade, with some signs of recent leveling off. The present overview describes all substantial squid fisheries around the globe. The main ecological and biological features of exploited stocks, and key aspects of fisheries management are presented for each commercial species of squid worldwide. The history and fishing methods used in squid fisheries are also described. Special attention has been paid to interactions between squid fisheries and marine ecosystems including the effects of fishing gear, the role of squid in ecosystem change induced by overfishing on groundfish, and ecosystem-based fishery management

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Marine biota are redistributing at a rapid pace in response to climate change and shifting seascapes. While changes in fish populations and community structure threaten the sustainability of fisheries, our capacity to adapt by tracking and projecting marine species remains a challenge due to data discontinuities in biological observations, lack of data availability, and mismatch between data and real species distributions. To assess the extent of this challenge, we review the global status and accessibility of ongoing scientific bottom trawl surveys. In total, we gathered metadata for 283,925 samples from 95 surveys conducted regularly from 2001 to 2019. We identified that 59% of the metadata collected are not publicly available, highlighting that the availability of data is the most important challenge to assess species redistributions under global climate change. Given that the primary purpose of surveys is to provide independent data to inform stock assessment of commercially important populations, we further highlight that single surveys do not cover the full range of the main commercial demersal fish species. An average of 18 surveys is needed to cover at least 50% of species ranges, demonstrating the importance of combining multiple surveys to evaluate species range shifts. We assess the potential for combining surveys to track transboundary species redistributions and show that differences in sampling schemes and inconsistency in sampling can be overcome with spatio‐temporal modeling to follow species density redistributions. In light of our global assessment, we establish a framework for improving the management and conservation of transboundary and migrating marine demersal species. We provide directions to improve data availability and encourage countries to share survey data, to assess species vulnerabilities, and to support management adaptation in a time of climate‐driven ocean changes.

Interannual variability of body length, body weight, age structure, and seasonal growth rate of Anadyr chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta was studied using the monitoring data obtained in 1962-2010 in Anadyr River and Anadyr Firth. Body size of spawning adults has decreased significantly for the decade of 1990-2000s compared to the period of 1960-1970s, and the ratio of elder specimens was higher. Annual growth dynamics showed different patterns. Estimated from measuring intersclerite distances on scales, first year growth of Anadyr chum salmon samples collected in 1962 to 2007 was enhanced. After the first year, growth was reduced. The greatest reduction occurred in the third and forth years. Analysis of seasonal growth of scale evidences to the relaxation of the growth rates of Anadyr chum salmon after the first year of life pre conditioned by both the over wintering and foraging period. These data are in contradiction with the wide spread suggestion of decreasing of chum salmon body length during winter due to bad feeding conditions. According to the similarity of the dynamics of body length and growth rates of chum salmon and pink salmon O. gorbuscha observed for the last decades, we assume that this may be preconditioned by the same large scale limiting factors that affect similarly these salmon species inhabiting vast areas. Our data do not support the idea about high density population of chum salmon as a main factor affecting the productivity characteristics of this species in the northern Pacific Ocean in the second half of the 20th-beginning of the 21st century. Reasons for decrease of chum salmon body length are discussed.

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