Отримано дані про напружено-деформований стан різних типівпроміжних опор двопрольотних нерозрізних перфорованих балок урезультаті їх розрахунку методом скінчених елементів у програмномукомплексі «Ліра» за дії симетричного у прольотах рівномірнорозподіленого навантаження. Розглянуто варіанти опор звикористанням або без використання ребра жорсткості, розміщеного поосі проміжної опори, а також з незавареними чи завареними отворами устінці балки зліва і справа від опори.

Due to the simplicity of design and manufacture, as well as reliability during operation, beams are one of the most common elements used in industrial, civil and public construction. The most rational cross-section of metal beams are rolled I-beams with inclined or parallel inner faces of the shelves, the predominant use of which is due to the value of the core distance, which is twice as much the same value for a rectangular section and almost three times for a round section. This figure is even higher for perforated profiles obtained from conventional rolling beams, which allow you to compose sections with increased values of moments of inertia and moments of resistance without increasing material consumptions. For inseparable beams, an additional significant factor influencing on their bearing capacity, is the structural design of the intermediate support part. The aim of these researches is to study the stress-strain state of inseparable perforated beams of I-beam profile of different heights in areas near the intermediate support, the design of which is made without a transverse stiffening rib placed on the axis of the support, and with unwelded holes to the left and right of the support under the action of evenly distributed load in the software complex "Lira". The objectives of the study are to establish the actual values of stresses and strains in the characteristic cross sections of the inseparable perforated I-beam, which occur on the intermediate support, and perform a comparative analysis of numerical studies obtained in the software complex "Lira" for intermediate support node beams of different heights for actions of different magnitudes of loads. The analysis of the obtained diagrams of normal stresses was carried out, which showed that for the proposed design of the support part of the beam, the cross-sections with holes directly to the left and right of the support are calculated. The conclusion about necessity of carrying out further experimental-theoretical researches of various types of support parts of beams for the purpose of development of a complex technique of their calculation and recommendations on definition of rational scope of application of each of them is formulated.

The article investigates the influence of partial stiffness of the hinge joint of single-span and multi-span freely supported beams with lower structures on their stress-strain state under the action of vertical evenly distributed load. Joints of freely supported beams under the action of external load are opened on supports and mounting bolts interfere with their full opening, that is joints work as partially rigid. Knowing some initial parameters of ideally hinged joints, it is possible to establish what influence their change will have both on the calculation scheme of beams, and on calculation schemes of cross frames of frameworks of buildings and constructions, to which they enter, as a whole. The method of initial parameters was used to determine the influence of the resistance of the mounting bolts on the opening of the support joints on the stress state of the elements. The offered technique allows to define real rigidity of any bolted hinge connection taking into account its actual work and to adjust it stiffness by changing the diameter of the bolts, the strength of the material from which they are made, their number, distance between them, as well as use additional material resource by reducing the maximum stresses in the calculated cross sections. This is especially true of elements made of perforated profiles, because the change of stress-strain state in the support zones will cause redistribution of stresses in the calculated points of their cross sections, both on the supports and in the span of the beams. This must be taken into account by including certain coefficients in the calculation formulas, depending on the specific operating conditions.

Розрахунок паль на сумісну дію вертикального і горизонтальногонавантажень є відносно складним завданням, яке зумовлене значноюкількістю параметрів. Запропонована аналітична залежність зрозрахунку несучої здатності, за властивостями ґрунту, похилоїбуроін'єкційної палі, яка дозволяє врахувати особливості її роботи припідсиленні фундаментів існуючих будівель та споруд.