The aim: of the study is to determine the frequency of polymorphism of estrogen receptor gene ESR1 (T-397C variant) in patients with premenstrual syndrome. Materials and methods: 50 women with diagnosis of premenstrual syndrome (the basic group) and 25 persons without it (the control group) were examined. Polymerase chain reaction was used to study T-397C polymorphism of estrogen receptor gene ESR1. Results: There was no significant difference in allele and genotype rates of ESR1 gene between persons with premenstrual syndrome and controls. TT genotype was determined in 24.0 % women in the control group and 24 % of patients in basic group (OR=1.00, 95 % CI=0.32-3.08, p=1.00), TC genotype – in 52.0 % and 46.0 % of individuals respectively (OR=0.79, 95 % CI=0.30-2.06, p=0.62), CC genotype – 24.0 % and 30.0 % of women respectively (OR=1.36, 95 % CI=0.45-4.07, p=0.59). Also, the frequency of T allele and C allele was similar in individuals with pathology and healthy women. There was no significant difference in allele and genotype rates of T-397C variant of ESR1 gene between patients with mild and severe forms of premenstrual syndrome and controls. Conclusions: There is no association of T-397C polymorphic variant of estrogen receptor gene ESR1 with the development of premenstrual syndrome.
Синдром поликистозных яичников (СПКЯ)-один из наиболее проблемных нейроэндокринных синдромов в гинекологии. Его диагностируют у 6-25 % женщин репродуктивного возраста. Цель работы. Оценить качество жизни женщин с СПКЯ в раннем и активном репродуктивном возрасте. Материалы и методы. 90 женщин с СПКЯ вошли в основную группу, которая состояла из I и II подгрупп. 60 женщин 18-25 лет составили I подгруппу, 30 пациенток в возрасте 26-35 лет-II подгруппу. Контрольная группа включала 30 женщин UDC: 618.11-006+612.6
The spread of endometriosis among women of reproductive age is 5-10 %. Forming of endometrioid foci commonly begins from development of new blood vessels. So, changes of hemodynamics in vessels that can be determined by Doppler are important for complete diagnosis of endometriosis. Aim of research was to evaluate the uterine and intraovarian hemodynamic changes in women with internal and external genital endometriosis. Materials and methods. The research included 65 women with diagnosis of external genital endometriosis who formed the I st group. 38 women with internal genital endometriosis were included into the II nd group. Control group involved 30 women without genital endometriosis. Doppler study was set in both phases of menstrual cycle with determination of uterine and intraovarian pulsatility index, resistance index and systolic/diastolic ratio in uterine arteries. Results. In patients with endometriosis we found hemodynamic disturbances in uterine arteries of varying degrees which depended on localization of the pathological process and its stages. In women of I group with I and II stages of external endometriosis indices of peripheral vascular resistance did not differ significantly from parameters of the control group. There was moderate increase of vascular resistance indices higher over healthy women (P < 0.05) in this group in patients with III stage. Increase of peripheral vascular resistance was detected, which grew rapidly according to severity of disease by II-III stages of internal endometriosis. Critical changes of circulation in form of dicrotic notch were detected in 31.58 % of patients with III stage of internal endometriosis. In half of all cases dicrotic notches were symmetrical in both uterine arteries. In addition, in 36.84 % of patients with III degree of internal endometriosis negative blood flow in diastole phase was determined. Significant important difference of pulsatility index and resistance index in intraovarian velocity between healthy women and patients with internal and external endometriosis was not determined, except persons with endometriod cysts, who had resistant index of intraovarian circulation in both phases of the menstrual cycle over 0.55. Conclusions. Blood velocity in uterine arteries during menstrual cycle in patients with genital endometriosis demonstrated highly resistant blood flow in women with external (III stage) and internal (II-III stages) endometriosis and intraovarian velocity (in persons with endometriod cysts). Decompensated changes in blood velocity in uterine arteries were observed only in patients with III stage of internal endometriosis.
Мета роботи-удосконалити засвоєння практичної навички «Взяття мазків на флору та цитологічне дослідження». Матеріал і методи. Впровадження в навчальний процес удосконалених методів поліпшення оволодінням практичними навичками предмета «Акушерство та гінекологія» для студентів медичного факультету. Результати. Практична навичка «Взяття мазків на флору та цитологічне дослідження» сьогодні широко застосовується, оволодіння нею є необхідним у діяльності лікарів різних спеціальностей. Однак на сучасному етапі вона потребує більш широкого удосконалення та інтерпретації, особливо частина цитологічного скринінгу. Важливим та необхідним є оволодіння методикою рідинної цитології. Дану навичку студенти можуть опрацювати не тільки під час проведення практичних занять, але і самостійно під керівництвом викладача в позааудиторний час у практично-орієнтованому навчальному центрі. Для цього розроблений алгоритм її виконання, наявний демонстраційний матеріал, відеоматеріали, ситуаційні задачі з даної методики, що дозволяє розвинути клінічне мислення, а не тільки оволодіти технікою взяття матеріалу на дослідження. Пропонується надати інтерпретацію результатам цитологічного скринінгу за різними сучасними системами класифікацій. Висновок. Удосконалення системи оволодінням практичною навичкою «Взяття мазків на флору та цитологічне дослідження», а саме, цитологічного скринінгу, покращення алгоритму проведення техніки веде до підвищення кваліфікації медичного фахівця будь-якої спеціальності та готовності застосувати її на практиці.
The objective: to assess the type and intensity of pain in women with different endometriosis forms. Materials and methods. The research included 65 women with diagnosis of external genital endometriosis who formed I group. 38 patients with internal genital endometriosis consisted II group. Control group involved 30 persons of reproductive age without diagnosis of genital endometriosis. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to determine intensity of pain. Results. Chronic pelvic pain was more typical for patients in II group than in I (χ2=12.11; p<0.001). Also 69.23% women in I group and 86.84% in II suffered from dysmenorrhea, 43.08% and 42.11% respectively – from dyspaurenia, 10.77% and 15.79% – from dyschezia. 57.89% women in II group complained of pain which was not connected with menstrual cycle that was more often, than in I group (χ2=4.73; p=0.03). 10.77% patients with external genital endometriosis had no complaints against none women with internal endometriosis. According to VAS results mild (43.08%) and moderate (46.15%) pain was more often by external endometriosis. Only 10.77% of persons in I group indicated on severe pain. While, by internal endometriosis quantity of women with mild and moderate pain was less than by external one (28.95% and 36.84% respectively) and one third of individuals in this groups suffered from severe pain (34.21%; χ2=6.98; p=0.008). Conclusion. Pain syndrome is the typical clinical manifestation in women with endometriosis. Type of pain, its intensity is more severe by internal genital endometriosis than by external one. Key words: endometrios, pain, assessment.
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