Kvantovaya Elektron. (Moscow) 12, 901-944 (May 1985)Optical, fiber-optic, and integrated optical sensors of physical effects are reviewed. The sensors are classified in accordance with their operating principle: amplitude, interference, and polarization sensors are considered. Descriptions are given of the construction of the sensors (or of their sensitive elements) which can react to mechanical quantities (displacement, force, acceleration), acoustic vibrations and pressure, electric and magnetic fields, electric current, temperature, angular velocity, etc. Some of their principal characteristics are described. Important parameters of known sensors are presented in a classified reference table.

A novel coaxial form of optical coupler has been constructed in which 95% intensity modulation was achieved, using a liquid crystal mixture as the electro-optic medium. The behavior of this coupler with varying temperature and applied voltage has been elucidated by comparison with the behavior of the same coupler when the liquid crystal was replaced by a silicone oil whose refractive index could be reproducibly and controllably varied.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract