The present study is devoted to the investigation of the intensity of research and development importance in Russian Federation and EU. The authors selected economics of EU and Russian Federation countries as the object of the study. The subject of research is the intensity of research and development in Russian Federation and EU in the context of the priority sectors: state sector, scientific sector, business sector. In the given article the authors consider the semantic definition of «the intensity of research and development», the dynamics of research intensity indicators and development in Russia and EU, the authors' assessment of the choice of priorities for research and development sectors is also given. According to the results of the study authors indicated the problem zone, discussion points and priorities for the further research. The authors also give recommendations for the Russian practice.
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