В статье представлен краткий обзор по вопросу холестеатомы среднего уха, описаны причины деструкции костных структур, приводящие к развитию внутричерепных осложнений. В данной статье также упоминается изолированная врожденная холестеатома среднего уха и частота ее в практической оториноларингологии. Представлен клинический случай врожденной холестеатомы височной кости без нарушения слуха, которая выявлена на верхушке сосцевидного отростка. При этом холестеатома разрушила стенку задней черепной ямки, но слуховые косточки, антрум и периантральные клетки сосцевидного отростка остались интактными, что подтверждалось исследованиями МРТ и КТ височной кости, а также аудиологическими данными. Проведено хирургическое лечение, при этом оперативное вмешательство ограничилось верхушкой сосцевидного отростка, без вскрытия периантральных клеток и антрума. Послеоперационный период протекал гладко, рана велась открыто, зажила вторичным натяжением. The article presents a brief review on the issue of middle ear cholesteatoma, describing causes of bonе structures destruction leading to the development of intracranial complications. Isolated congenital cholesteatoma of the middle ear and its frequency in practical otorhinolaryngology are also mentioned. A clinical case of congenital cholesteatoma of the temporal bone without hearing impairment which was detected at the tip of the mastoid process is described. In described case, the cholesteatoma destroyed the wall of the posterior cranial fossa, but the auditory ossicles, antrum and periantral cells of the mastoid process remained intact, which was confirmed by MRI and CT scans of the temporal bone, as well as audiological data. Surgical treatment was performed; however, the surgical intervention was limited to the tip of the mastoid process, without opening the periantral cells and the antrum. The postoperative period was uneventful; the wound was managed openly, and healed by secondary tension.
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