An analysis of methods for determining the number and passenger capacity of rolling stock on urban routes of passenger traffic. Coordinated growth of efficiency and quality of urban passenger transport allows to increase the level of satisfaction of passenger transportation needs, reduce transport stress on the urban passenger transport system, improve the environmental situation, reduce road accidents and the number of road accidents, ensure unprofitable work of carriers. Improving the functioning of the production system of urban passenger transport should ensure a minimum travel time of passengers, regular movement of vehicles along the route, rational use of rolling stock and quality passenger service at minimal cost. Managing the number and passenger capacity of rolling stock on the route is an important task that affects both the quality of passenger transport services and the economic efficiency of carriers. These factors are opposite, ie, by improving the quality of passenger transport services, the carrier is usually forced to reduce the efficiency of vehicles. The tasks of local authorities are to ensure the number and passenger capacity of vehicles on the route and the quality of passenger transport services that would ensure maximum efficiency of the urban passenger transport system, taking into account the interests of all parties, ie carriers, passengers and the community. Despite the presence of a significant amount of research, the task of choosing the number and passenger capacity of buses on regular routes in city traffic, which would ensure an improvement in the quality of services, remains urgent.

The conducted systematic analysis of maintainability indicators allows establishing their connection with other reliability properties and classifying these indicators according to technical and economic criteria. On this basis, the technological component of maintenance and repair, which ensures the provision of spare parts, tools and means of technical condition control, was selected and investigated. Set of indicators that allow to evaluate and standardize the maintainability of means of transport most fully and in accordance with modern requirements is proposed.The dependence was obtained for determining the required number of tools in a set of spare parts, tools and accessories (STA), which takes into account the reliable characteristics of the machine and the characteristics of the process of restoring its operability under real operating conditions.The approach to calculations of rational sets of tool equipment for vehicle machinery is proposed on the example of the chassis of the domestic wheeled tractor KhTZ-17221, the corresponding calculations are performed. The conducted analysis shows that with the existing service system and the level of reliability of the KhTZ-17221 tractors in real operation conditions to ensure the readiness factor within 0.85-0.95, the presence of tools in the equipment kit has a significant impact.The analysis of the obtained dependence shows that in order to quickly eliminate the consequences of the failures of the KhTZ-17221 tractors, it is necessary to have a complete set of tools in the set of STA, provided for in the operating instructions. Otherwise, the operative time for eliminating failures increases, which leads to unjustified downtime of equipment and increased costs for consumers, especially during periods of agricultural work. When increasing the number of tools in the kit of STA to the level regulated by the factory documentation, while maintaining all other parameters, it is possible to increase the readiness factor in real operation from 0.84 to 0.92. That is, the presence of tools significantly increases the efficiency of vehicles using in real operation conditions.The obtained results can be used to improve maintainability indicators

The article explores the possibility of optimization of the public transport network by reducing the number of duplicate routes. In the course of the research the existing network of urban passenger transport of Cherkasy and the structure of the transport fleet of motor transport enterprises providing relevant services are analyzed. The length of the different routes of the network and the intensity of their movement are determined. It has been found that the density of the public passenger transport route network (8.1 km/km2) is much higher than the normative value. The indices of duplication of each bus and trolleybus route of the network with other routes are calculated. In order to study the demand for urban passenger transportation, a population survey was conducted. A mathematical model for optimizing the movement of trolleybuses and buses on duplicate routes is constructed. The model takes into account the degree of duplication of one route by another, the percentage distribution of passengers by type of transport and the limitation of vehicles by passenger capacity. The values of the model parameters, which determine the damage to the urban environment by one run, are calculated at the tariff rates for damage to the vehicle 1 km of the city road and the emission into the atmosphere of the exhaust gas (for buses). Optimization of the Cherkasy public transport network on routes with complete duplication (coincidence of route routes of two modes of transport is not less than 75%). According to the optimization results, a new itinerary network is proposed, which provides minimal duplication of routes, which in turn will lead to reduction of the accident rate, reduction of environmental pollution and increase of the efficiency of operation of the entire transport infrastructure of the city. The implementation of the results of this study will reduce the overall economic and environmental losses of passengers and transport, which will lead to a more efficient functioning of urban transport. The constructed model can be used to plan urban traffic on new routes, as well as to construct a dual task of calculating the cost of passenger hours, provided that passenger traffic is moving with optimum intensity.