В данной статье представлены результаты научных исследований продуктивности и воспроизводительной способности уток коллекционного стада ТОО «Бишкульская птицефабрика» Северо-Казахстанской области. В период исследований проведен сбор инкубационного яйца в селекционнике от заложенных линий и проведена закладка. Из полученного потомства были скомплектованы 100 селекционных гнезд отцовской и материнской линий. Яйценоскость на несушку за 40 недель цикла составила 185 яиц по материнской линии и 190 яиц по отцовской линии. Выход инкубационных яиц по материнской линии 93%, по отцовской 95%; а оплодотверенность в пределах 86 87% по обеим линиям. Oтбop отцовской линии для повышения мясной продуктивности и поддержания уровня плодовитости позволил обеспечить живую массу в 7-недельном возрасте на уровне 2792 г у селезней, 2518,4 г у уток.

An excessively high stocking density can affect the growth and development of ducks. The optimal stocking density should change with the age of ducks. The article presented the results of the experiment on the effect of stocking density on the growth, development and viability of replacement young ducks of the local population during separate growing at the Bishkul Poultry Farm LLP in Northern Kazakhstan in 2022. The study was carried out in ages the day of birth to 49 days in 3 stages with a transfer on day 22 and day 35, respectively. The stocking density of ducks before transfer in the first growing period, in the control group was 20 birds/m2, in the first experimental group - 18 birds/m2; in the second experimental group - 16 birds/m2; and in the third experimental group - 14 birds/m2, respectively. After transfer in the second growing period, the stocking density of the ducks in the control group was 10 birds/m2, in the first experimental group - 9 birds/m2; in the second experimental group - 8 birds/m2; and in the third experimental group - 7 birds/m2. In the third period, the stocking density in the control group was 7 birds/m2, in the first experimental group - 6 birds/m2; in the second experimental group - 5 birds/m2; and in the third experimental group - 4 birds/m2. In the study, increasing stocking density had a negative effect on the growth and development of ducks. It is noted that with an increase in stocking density in experimental groups bodyweight, absolute gain and average daily gain decreased, thus negatively affected these indicators.

The production of duck meat in the republic was previously based on the use of 4-5 lines and populations of the Beijing breed, where the Medeo cross lines (M-1 paternal and M2-maternal) were the most widespread. At the same time, many domestic lines and populations, such as the cross “Bishkulskaya Tsvetnaya”, “Kyzylzharsky”, whose livestock is concentrated in the Northern region, represent rich genetic material and can be used to create new crosses. This article describes the productive and breeding qualities of ducks of the local population in the Northern region of Kazakhstan, the data obtained make it possible for further purposeful breeding work to create, preserve highly productive poultry, providing highly efficient production of eggs and meat, adapted to both industrial conditions and conditions of keeping in small-scale and farms. On the basis of “Bishkul Poultry Farm” LLP, we obtained results on the assessment of productive and breeding indicators of ducks of the local population.