Composite electrochemical coatings make it possible to successfully solve many practical problems of surface hardening of structural parts, tooling and restoration of their wear parts. One of the factors influencing the structure and properties of composite coatings is characteristics of the dispersed phase (nature, concentration, dispersion). This paper presents the results of studying activation of titanium carbide by heat treatment method, which contributed to an increase in the main characteristics of nickel electroreduction. Barium sulfate is a promising dispersed material for composite coatings. This powder can be obtained with any dispersion as a result of an exchange reaction. In this work investigates the effect on the particle size of barium sulfate deposition conditions (time of mixing and pouring of reagents). The optimum conditions for obtaining barium sulfate are determined. Both powders can be used as a dispersed phase to obtain composite coatings with a nickel matrix.

Electrochemical composite coatings allow successfully solving many practical problems of surface-hardening of structural parts and their tooling components, as well as renewing their fast-wearing components. Electrochemical chromium-matrix composite coatings are used to enhance the thermal and wear resistance of steel articles and parts operating in friction conditions and under increased temperatures, but under low shock loads. This paper presents the results obtained from studying how fine black carbon particles affect the properties of composite coatings. Optimal conditions are found for producing high-quality coatings, such as the suspended electrolyte mixing rate and graphite concentration in electrolyte. We have also studied how heat treatment affects the microhardness and surface morphology of coatings. High-dispersed black graphite can be used to produce chromium-matrix composite coatings having increased microhardness and wear resistance.

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We studied the composition of electrochemical titanium and silicon zinc dioxide coatings, as well as the special aspects of their morphology and corrosion resistance. It is found that the particles of TiO2 are included into the zinc matrix. Share of dispersed phase in CEC grows with increasing the concentration of particles in the suspended electrolyte. It is shown that the SiO2 particles are not included into the coating, inhibiting the process of cathodic reduction of zinc. It is also found that crystals on all the coatings obtained have a hexagonal structure, while introducing the dispersed phase particles leads to the plating structure refinement. It is shown that including the TiO2 particles leads to forming the coatings of better corrosion resistance.

Развитие функциональной грамотности школьника является приоритетной задачей современной школы. Актуальность статьи обусловлена необходимостью выявления профессиональных дефицитов учителя в вопросах развития функциональной грамотности школьника. В статье проводится анализ результатов исследования профессиональных затруднений учителей Республики Татарстан в вопросах развития математической и естественно-научной грамотностей. Представлены методы восполнения профессиональных дефицитов, которые рекомендованы для включения в дополнительные профессиональные образовательные программы повышения квалификации работников образования. Статья предназначена для работников дополнительного профессионального образования, руководителей муниципальных образовательных организаций. Development of functional literacy of the school student is a priority of modern school. The relevance of the article is due to the need of identification of professional deficiencies of the teacher for issues of development of functional literacy of the school student. The article analyzes the results of the study of professional difficulties of teachers of the Republic of Tatarstan in the development of mathematical and natural science literacy. The proposed methods of filling these professional deficits are recommended for inclusion in professional educational programs of teachers’ further education. The article is aimed at employees of additional professional education and heads of municipal educational organizations.