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The purpose of the research was to establish main causes of development and outcomes of adhesive obstruction.We analyzed the outcomes of treatment of 154 patients with acute intestinal obstruction. The following data were taken into consideration: age, gender, surgeries in past medical history, terms of adhesions manifestations, clinical symptoms, findings of additional examinations, methods of treatment, outcome. It has been established, that the most frequent causes of adhesions were appendectomy (23%), stomach operations (21 %) and gynecological interventions (14 %). After surgeries performed in conditions of regional hospitals, adhesions developed after appendectomy, gynecological operations and interventions on the intestine. In patients operated in city hospitals intestinal obstruction more often occurred after extensive operations on the stomach, appendix, and after gynecological interventions. Urgent surgical interventions more often led to adhesive process in the abdominal cavity (63 %). Mortality made 5.8 %. Causes of death were intestinal fistulas and abdominal sepsis.Thus, acute adhesive intestinal obstruction as an extreme form of abdominal adhesions continues to be an urgent medical issue.

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Introduction. Nowadays ship hull diagnostics is carried out in dry-dock or using divers in the road. The both technologies are time consuming, labour and material resource demanding. Specialists from Bauman Moscow State Technical University have developed a diagnostics system that allows the ship hull underwater part inspection to be performed without calling at dry-dock and without divers. The system includes the following main elements: remotely operated vehicle that contains diagnostics tools; hydro acoustic navigation system; software; and diagnostics technology. Method. The technology is based on an acoustic method of non-destructive testing (NDT). SH-waves with elastic vibrations excitation by non-contact method are used without necessity of thorough surface preparation before testing. SH-waves are also used for flaw detection within damaged areas (areas of different thicknesses). As the research has shown, the mirror-shadow technique with bottom signal attenuation as a criterion for corrosion crack detection is most effective. The minimum detectable deep of the corrosion cracks is 1.5–2 mm. The proposed diagnostics technology uses electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMAT) with a 5 MHz frequency. Results. The diagnostics system was successfully tested in the pool. The test results confirmed the system’s ability to perform automatic metal diagnostics with wall thickness measurements and defect detection within areas of corrosion. Discussions. Nowadays the system is under the process of Russian Maritime Register of Shipping approval. It is planned to develop a system with arc welding tools for underwater objects repair. Prospects of diagnostics system usage for the various underwater steel structures including ones located on the Russian Federation Arctic shelf are under consideration.

The data characterizing the demographic bases of differentiation in Siberia and the Far East of expert assessments of a number of factors and conditions for inhibition and stimulation of the sociocultural and national-state unity of the peoples of modern Russia, Ukraine and Belarus are presented. The data were obtained during the first stage of the International Research Project «The main factors and conditions for the inhibition (stimulation) of the socio-cultural unification of the peoples of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus at the beginning of the 21st century», implemented under the auspices of the REC «Culture is the basis of the quality of education ...» of the International Fund for Slavic Writing and Culture, Institute of Art Education and Cultural Studies of RAO, Research Committee of Social Qualimetry of the Russian Sociological Association. They testify to the significant socio-demographic differences in assessments of experts characterizing the main factors and conditions of inhibition (stimulation) of the socio-cultural and national-state unity of the peoples of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus at the beginning of the 21st century.