Background: The pacemaker lead placement is presented as one of the most appropriate procedures in children with a complete atrioventricular block (AVB). Despite the fact that video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for epicardial lead placement has demonstrated positive results as to the feasibility, safety, and efficacy in adults, its role in pacemaker implantation in children remains unclear. Aim: This study sought to assess the intermediate-term outcomes of video-assisted thoracoscopic pacemaker lead placement in children with complete AVB Materials and Methods: From May 2017 to November 2019, five children with complete AVB underwent minimally invasive left ventricular (LV) lead placements via thoracoscopic video assistance approach. The procedure was performed under complex intratracheal anesthesia with single-lung ventilation, all pacing parameters were evaluated in perioperative and follow-up periods. Results: The median age of children at implantation was 3 years (range: 2 to 4 years), the median weight was 13 kg (range: 12–15 kg). All procedures were completed successfully, pacing thresholds for the active lead measured 0.3-1.1V, with R-wave amplitude of 8-18 mV and impedance of 560-1478 Ohm. Conclusion: Thoracoscopic pacemaker lead placement may provide a potential alternative to the transthoracic approach of epicardial lead placement in children with AVB.

Community-acquired pneumonia is a potentially serious infection in children with high morbidity rate, risk of severe course and unfavorable outcomes. Specialists have noted the increased incidence of the destructive forms in the recent years.Aim. To present a clinical case of destructive pneumonia in a 1 year 2 month old child, hospitalized in the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution “Children’s City Clinical Hospital of St. Vladimir Moscow Healthcare Department”, and analyze it in terms of current understanding on the disease pathogenesis.Conclusion. During COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019) pandemic, pulmonologists and pediatric surgeons encountered an unconventional course of destructive pneumonia. A large number of studies of pathophysiological processes in acute viral interstitial pneumonias have recently allowed to expand our understanding of the role of coagulation system. At the same time, new questions arose concerning the clinical course and development of the pathological infectious process.

BACKGROUND: Malignant neoplasms with lesions of the chest are quite rare in the sternum and range from 0.5 to 3.1% of the total number of patients with bone tumors of all localizations. In this connection, there are few publications describing the tactics of surgical treatment and methods of prosthetics of the formed defect. The present article describes a clinical case of successful application of an individual prosthesis of the manubrium of the sternum in G1 chondrosarcoma. CLINICAL CASE DESCRIPTION: to present a clinical observation of the surgical treatment of an 18-year-old patient with G1 chondrosarcoma of the manubrium of the sternum, with individual prosthetics. CONCLUSION: The use of modern 3D technologies based on the results of CT modeling allows, not only to plan the volume of necessary bone resection, but also to manufacture high-tech prostheses by using 3D printing to replace the defect with planning sufficient support capacity and function.