Industrial technology modernization requires solutions to the problems of the complex systems evolution. Entities involved in the process of modernization lack unified centralized control and act as standalone businesses, while stakeholders in the processes pursue their own, all too often conflicting interests. Having to operate amid severe external uncertainty, these standalone businesses act as isolated agents, with their make-up changing at different periods, yet the success of technology modernization depends on their coordinated action. It is critical for the success of the system evolution to have enough highly qualified personnel with expertise and competencies, engineering and economic ones in the first place, that match the complexity of the systems being managed.The article analyzes the tasks that pop up throughout the course of modernization. The analysis is used as a basis for defining engineering and economic competencies and for substantiating their significance as a key resource of the industrial systems of the future. This assumption finds a confirmation in a summary of appropriate global trends done by the authors.Systems engineering is used as a case of the application of the competencies as part of methodologies that were created in response to challenges associated with the growing complexity of technological and organizational systems.The study also gives examples of the need for engineering and economic competencies arising in the course of technology modernization in the electric power industry.

УДК 338.23 Д. Г. Сандлер а) , П. Д. Кузнецов а) а) Уральский федеральный университет им. первого Президента России Б. Н. Ельцина ИНДУСТРИАЛЬНЫЕ ПАРКИ В РОССИИ: КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНАЯ ПРОРАБОТКА ПРОЕКТОВ 1 В статье представлены теоретические обоснования эффективности использования индустриальных парков как элемента экономической политики, направленной на обеспечение ускоренного экономического развития регионов и муниципалитетов. Представлена историческая ретроспектива использования подобного инструментария в современной российской экономике. В работе обоснована необходимость концептуальной проработки проекта создания и развития индустриального парка и ее связь с возможностью реализации и экономической эффективности проекта. Были сформулированы основные положения методологии разработки, а также взаимосвязи смысловых блоков. Сформулированы предложения по содержанию разрабатываемых концепций индустриальных парков. Ключевые слова: индустриальные парки, промышленное развитие, инвестиционная инфраструктура, промышленная политика Рис. 1. Сравнение годовых темпов роста Восточной Азии и мировой экономики Таблица 1 Перечень СЭЗ федерального значения, созданных на территории РФ за 1990-1999 гг.

No abstract

In this article a theoretical framework is presented addressing the questions of efficiency of industrialThe structural nature of economic growth determines the irregular character of economic development. This trend is particularly obvious on the macrolevel when comparing growth rates of specific countries and groups of countries whose accelerated growth was to a great extent determined by historical factors. A perfect example could be Eastern Asian countries with growth rates exceeding the worldwide average in the second half of the XXth century (Fig. 1).However, such situation is observed not only on the macrolevel, but also on the regional and municipal levels. A good example of economic activity concentration is Japan. In 1990 Japan accounted for 72 % of the GDP and 67 % of industrial production of Eastern Asia, occupying only 3.5 % of the whole territory with 7.9 % of the total population. However, inside Japan itself most economic activity fell on the following five prefectures: Tokyo and Kanagawa, Aichi, Osaka and Hyogo. Although their territory makes up only 5.2 % of the whole territory of Japan with 33 % of the population, these prefectures produce 40 % of the Japanese GDP. Thus, these regions, constituting only 0.18 % of the whole area of Eastern Asia, accounted for 29 % of the regional GDP in 1990. [1] The reasons for such disproportional economic development; the factors involved; and the external effects caused by such disproportions are studied by regional economics and in particular by agglomeration theory.The key reason for high concentration of economic activity in specific areas lies in the positive external effects, which foster industrial efficiency in these regions. There are two main types of external effects: the localization effect, which reflects the positive effects revealed by the growth of economic

As an inevitable result of Russia's higher education policies of the past two decades, new university leaders in and outside of Moscow and St. Petersburg have emerged, and vertical differentiation has increased. Inequality of educational potential has a strong regional dimension, exerting a considerable delayed impact on regional socioeconomic development. Differences in universities' resources affected their ability to adapt their instructional, research, and administrative processes to change during the pandemic, thus broadening the education and research quality gap in higher edu-Ключевые слова