Aim. To compare adherence behavior patterns in patients with primary and recurrent myocardial infarction before hospital discharge.Methods. 145 patients with myocardial infarction admitted to the Kemerovo Regional Clinical in the period from November to December 2016 were included in a single-centre, nonrandomized, prospective study. All the patients were interviewed using the original adherence questionnaire. All the patients were divided into 2 groups: patients with primary myocardial infarction (n = 74) and recurrent (n = 71) myocardial infarction.Results. Both, patients with primary and recurrent myocardial infarction, had low adherence to treatment and healthy lifestyle, poor disease awareness which appeared to be a signifcant factor worsening their long-term prognosis. Recurrent myocardial infarction was associated with increased readiness to adhere the treatment regimen more strictly (62%), but it was not accompanied by any improvements in patients’ awareness on the causes of the disease (36.6%), their health status (30.9%) and secondary prevention (63.3%). The great number of subjective factors affecting patients’ adherence to the long-term therapy prescribed by a healthcare professional requires the implementation of additional information management for patients with any type of myocardial infarction about the importance of subsequent therapy, special education programs, and group psychotherapy.Conclusion. Poor adherence in patients with any myocardial infarction to the prescribed therapy after discharge (less than 80%) requires a preventive use of educational and psychological programs improving medical and social awareness and readiness to adhere to treatment prescribed by the healthcare professional.
1 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Россия 2 The Meadows School, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA 3 Муниципальное образовательное учреждение «Городской классический лицей Центра непре-рывного образования Кемеровского государственного университета», Кемерово, Россия Цель исследования. Оценка факторов, связанных с поздним обращением пациентов за медицинской помощью при инфаркте миокарда.Материалы и методы. В оригинальном одноцентровом исследовании на основании анКэттирования 51 пациента с инфарктом миокарда оценены различия временных характеристик обращения за медицинской помощью при развитии заболевания, а также факторы, вероятно связанные с поздним вызовом неотложной помощи.Результаты. Выяснено, что большинство пациентов (>70%) с инфарктом миокарда, поступившие в Кеме-ровский областной клинический кардиологический диспансер, обращаются за медицинской помощью до 6 часов от начала заболевания. Однако сохраняется группа пациентов, которые «затягивают» время до обра-щения за помощью, что может значимо влиять на эффективность лечения острого коронарного синдрома. Эти пациенты чаще мужского пола, более молодого возраста, с высшим образованием, работающие в городе.Выводы. среди молодых работающих пациентов мужского пола, проживающих в крупных промышлен-ных центрах, необходимо проводить больший объем разъяснительных информационных мероприятий, направленных на повышение знаний о значимости раннего обращения за медицинской помощью при по-явлении признаков инфаркта миокарда.Ключевые слова: инфаркт миокарда, время до обращения, факторы, связанные с задержкой обращения К 616. 13-77:577.11 РАЗРАБОТКА ТКАНЕИНЖЕНЕРНОГО СОСУДИСТОГО ГРАФТА МАЛОГО ДИАМЕТРА ДЛЯ НУЖД СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТОЙ ХИРУРГИИ Л. В. АНТОНОВА, Ю. А. КУДРЯВЦЕВА Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний». Кемерово, Россия НИИ КПССЗ имеет большой опыт в разработке изделий для сердечно-сосудистой хирургии, в частности биопротезов кла-нов сердца и сосудов. С 2010 года под руководством академика РАН л. С. Барбараша начаты исследования по созданию био-зорбируемых сосудистых протезов малого диаметра. Основная цель -создание полимерных конструкций с бионаправленным йствием, способных заменить отдельные структуры живого организма, в частности сердечно-сосудистой системы. Научная но-зна поставленной задачи заключается в использовании нового подхода создания органа непосредственно в организме пациента счет биофункциональности и биорезорбируемости полимерных конструкций. доказана долгосрочная проходимость полимерных судистых графтов на основе поликапролактона и композиции полигидроксибутирата/валерата и поликапролактона. В экспери-нтах in vitro доказано, что ростовые факторы, инкорпорируемые в состав биодеградируемых графтов, сохраняют свою био-гическую активность. В долгосрочных экспериментах in vivo доказано, что сосудистый эндотелиальный фактор роста ускоряет до...
Lipid metabolism disorders play a key role in determining cardiovascular risk. The level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is a significant factor in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and an indicator, the assessment of which reduces the risk of cardiovascular events. The prevalence of acute coronary syndrome in Russia remains at a high level. To date, the successful implementation and implementation of standards for the management of acute coronary syndrome has significantly reduced hospital mortality rates, however, secondary prevention issues remain relevant. Despite a wide range of lipid-lowering drugs, the use of which at maximum doses in acute coronary syndrome does not allow reaching the target levels of the lipid spectrum, the risk of developing repeated cardiovascular events remains high. Recently, a promising direction is the use of type 9 subtilisin/ kexin proprotein convertase inhibitors for the intensification of lipid-lowering therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome. This article presents the clinical case of the successful use of one of the inhibitors of the proprotein convertase of subtilisin/kexin type 9, alirocoumab, in lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and thereby reducing the risk of repeated cardiovascular events in a patient with acute coronary syndrome.
Aim. To assess the relationship of abdominal obesity with left ventricular systolic function and to predict outcomes in patients with MI within 10 years.Methods. 581 medical records of patients enrolled in the Acute coronary Syndrome Registry between 2008 and 2010 were retrospectively reviewed for the period of 10 years. The following clinical endpoints were collected: all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, recurrent myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization due to unstable angina and decompensated heart failure. Baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and the presence of abdominal obesity measured as waist-to-hip ratio were collected in all patients.Results. Abdominal obesity was found in 392 (67.4%) patients admitted with MI. The presence of abdominal obesity did not affect main outcomes within 10 years after the indexed event. Cardiovascular mortality was the lowest among patients with abdominal obesity., an association between abdominal obesity and low cardiovascular mortality was found in patients with intermediate LVEF using the risk stratification data based on the severity of systolic dysfunction at discharge. The highest rate of recurrent hospitalization due to unstable angina was found in patients with abdominal obesity and intermediate LVEF.Conclusion. The prevalence of abdominal obesity in MI patients was high (67%). Abdominal obesity appeared to confer protective effects on the 10-year clinical outcomes in patients with low and intermediate LVEF based on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. The waist-to-hip ratio were significant in the generation of 10-year allcause and cardiovascular disease mortality prediction models in patients with MI.
The clinical case reports a personalized expert approach to the management of a patient with myocardial infarction receiving programmed hemodialysis. The challenges facing by cardiologists with antiplatelet therapy, statin therapy, betablockers and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers as basic therapy have been discussed. The experience of performing coronary angiography with a limited dosage of the contrast agent followed by the stenting in the patient intolerant to unfractionated heparin is presented The complexity of post-puncture hemostasis before dialysis is highlighted. A particular attention has been paid to the existing difficulties in selecting rational loading doses of antiplatelet agents for these patients due to poor evidences on the elimination of clopidogrel metabolites from the blood flow.
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