Over the past decade, nanotechnology caused the need for rigorous research on ultrafine nanomaterials which enhance productivity and quality of agricultural products. However, most studies are controversial; it is difficult to compare doses of nanoparticles and types of plants. In the experiment, nanoparticles of Fe (90–110 nm), Cu (50–110 nm) and Mo (100–120 nm) at four concentrations with a geometric progression were used to treat potato tubers. Germination energy was determined according to GOST 12038-84; the content of photosynthetic pigments was determined according to the method by N. D. Smashevsky (2011), phytotoxicity was determined according to the method by Kazev K. (2013). Thus, the data indicate that treatment of Solánum tuberósum L. tubers with iron nanoparticles stimulated the growth of the length of sprouts (55.1% and 21.4%), roots (34.4% and 12.5%) and chlorophyll a (57 - 98%) at a concentration of 0.0125 … 0.025 M. At the same time, copper and molybdenum nanoparticles are ineffective by the significance of their effects on plants.

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Potato protein is recognized as one of the most valuable plant proteins due to its high content of essential amino acids. Changes in the metabolic composition of potato tubers during low temperature storage can affect their nutritional value. In the course of study, the amino acid composition of potato tubers was determined, differing in the color of the pulp stored at a temperature of 2 °C for 7 months. The research included the study of 3 hybrids of potato and potato variety of standard Nevsky, hybrid 10.76.1 with red peel, others with yellow peel. With increasing storage time, the total protein content and especially the amino acid content increased. The determination of amino acids was carried out according to “M-04-38-2009” with the system of capillary electrophoresis “Drops-105”, the starch content – by specific gravity (GOST 7194-81); reducing sugars – according to the Sumner method; crude protein – according to the Kjeldahl method, GOST 13496.4-93; nitrate content – by ion-metric, according to GOST 29270-95. Biochemical analysis of potato tubers allows us to highly evaluate of the hybrid 10.76.1 with red peel according to the EAA amino acid composition index with an indicator of 61.6 to 63.1 % and taste with an indicator 7.9 to 6.5 points and the ratio of starch/protein with an indicator of 14.0 to 15.7, which is higher than similar indicators of the Nevsky standard.

Реферат. В статье представлены данные по испытанию клоновых подвоев, которые проводились в условиях Южного Урала (г. Оренбург) в течение 30 лет, в Среднем Поволжье (г. Самара) -20 лет, в Ботаническом саду ОГУ -более 10 лет, в Бузулукском бору (с. Партизанское) -более 10 лет. Объектами исследования служили клоновые подвои различных учреждений: кафедры плодовод-

The purpose of research is to identify potato varieties with high ecological flexibility and stability in the conditions of steppe zone of the Urals. The experience was laid by one-factor circuit in 3-fold repetition. The studies were conducted for middle and middle-early varieties of potatoes domestic and foreign selection. We define the parameters of their ecological plasticity and stability analysis using two-factor model (conditions and years). In 3-year data were allocated potato varieties – Artemis (58.9 t/ha), Aerrow (51.6 t/ha), Riviera (51.1 t/ha), Romano (55.2 t/ha). The regression coefficient ranged from 0.54 to 2.59, the stability coefficients vary from 0.20 to 49.04. It was found that the regression coefficient is significantly greater than one, indicating that the progressive increase in yield under the influence of improved growing conditions in such varieties as: Rainbow (Ri 2.19), Sail (Ri 2.59), Memory Kovalenko (Ri 2.41) Tarasov (Ri 2.05), Karatop (Ri 2.19) – varieties of intensive type. Revealed grade plastic – Nevsky, Spiridon, Romano, Aerrow, Scarlett Red, Riviera, Curator (Ri=0.70-1.08).