Paralytic lagophthalmos, resulting from facial nerve palsy, is a difficult medical and social issue that requires cooperation of different specialists. Complications that arise in paralytic lagophthalmos may cause significant vision loss and even eye loss. Various techniques of paralytic lagophthalmos correction are used to protect the cornea and restore eyelid anatomy and functions. These comprise palliative (conservative), surgical, and alternative treatments (such as botulinum toxin type A therapy). Surgical treatment of paralytic lagophthalmos patients often has to be staged and complex. This article presents a clinical case of a female patient with paralytic lagophthalmos complicated by corneal perforation. Her staged complex treatment included lower eyelid surgery, chemodenervation of the upper eyelid levator and optical reconstructive surgery. The following positive results were achieved: the protective function of the eyelids was restored, residual visual functions - preserved, the risk of eye loss - eliminated, and the asymmetry between the two halves of the face - corrected.
Цель. Оценить клинические результаты выживаемости трупной донорской роговицы у реципиентов группы высокого риска при сотрансплантации консервированных аллогенных лимбальных трансплантатов. Материалы и методы исследования. Пациентам с помутнением трансплантата роговицы и высоким риском отторжения (n = 69) было выполнено 2 варианта сквозных кератопластик (СКП): при I варианте (основная группа, n = 36) проводилась сотрансплантация донорской роговицы и аллогенных ММСК-подобных лимбальных клеток в виде лимбальных трансплантатов, при II варианте (контрольная группа, n = 33) проводилась трансплантация только роговицы. Результаты. Наблюдение за пациентами в течение 1 года показало, что при I варианте СКП наблюдалось повышение доли прозрачного приживления трансплантата роговицы (86,1 вместо 69,7% в контроле) и сохранение в ней более высокой плотности эндотелиальных клеток (85,9 вместо 76,2% в контроле), при этом в слезной жидкости реципиентов отмечалось динамическое снижение уровня провоспалительных (IL-6, IFNγ, TNFα) и повышение противовоспалительных (IL-10, IL-1RA, TGFβ) цитокинов, а также более высокий уровень содержания HLA-G5 по сравнению с группой контроля. Заключение. Одномоментная пересадка предварительно консервированных лимбальных трансплантатов при кератопластике высокого риска создает условия, благоприятствующие прозрачному приживлению кератотрансплантата, по-видимому, за счет реализации иммунорегуляторной активности ММСК-подобных клеток лимба.
Penetrating keratoprosthetics of thin irregular corneal leukomas requires several preliminary surgical procedures. To reduce the period of visual rehabilitation and number of operations for this group of patients a new type of surgical treatment, combining keratoplasty and keratoprosthetics, was developed in 1996. This technique was named “K‐Pro – cornea” complex transplantation. Methods: At first collagen‐crosslinking procedure was performed for allogeneic preserved donor cornea according to the Zurich protocol with the use of UV‐X‐1000 (IROC Innocross, Switzerland) and 1% riboflavin solution (Dextralink). Further Fedorov‐Zuev keratoprothesis was implanted into the modified cornea. Resulting complex was cut out of the corneal‐scleral rim with 9,0 mm trephination blade. Recipients corneal disk of the same diameter was removed and all procedures, necessary for the lens and anterior chamber, were performed before placing “K‐Pro – cornea” complex into the bed and fixing it with interrupted sutures. All in all 64 patients with vascularized leukomas were treated with the use of this technique. Observation period was up to 10 years. Results: Best spectacle‐corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) rose from pr. l. certae before surgery to 0,01‐1,0 after. Following complications were met in the postoperative period: retroprothesis membrane (99,9%), aseptic necrosis (39,6%), K‐Pro protrusion (11%). Conclusions: Developed technique of transplantation of “K‐Pro – cornea” complex enabled to reduce the number of main and preliminary surgical procedures and the period of patients visual rehabilitation. Key words: K‐Pro, keratoplasty, collagen‐crosslinking.
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