The paper is devoted to the problems of using modern digital technologies to manage the implementation of programs for the development of the regional economy’s agro-industrial cluster. An approach based on the use of intelligent (knowledge-oriented) information systems for analyzing the progress of program implementation is proposed. As a model for representing knowledge about the subject area, it is proposed to use the apparatus of the linguistic variable theory and fuzzy production rules, which makes it possible to take into account the high level of uncertainty inherent in the agricultural sector of the economy. The inference engine included in the information system is based on explicitly interpreted Mamdani’s procedure of fuzzy logical inference, which makes it possible to form explanations of the course of reasoning. The developed structure of the intelligent information system is a concretization and extension of the traditional one, taking into account the reflection of the specifics of the tasks of managing the implementation of programs for the development of the agro-industrial cluster. The preliminary results of the experimental operation of the research prototype of the developed system can serve as confirmation of the effectiveness of the proposed design solutions.

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Abstract. Violation of the optimal timing of field work and irrational structure of acreage leads to a decrease in crop yield. The purpose is to show ways to improve the efficiency of grain production due to earlier terms of wheat harvesting. The objects of the study were operational data on the timing of field work and the yield of grain crops in the agricultural sector of the Kurgan region and in the fields of the Kurgan research Institute, weather data. Common methods of comparative, statistical, factor, and correlation analyses were used. Results. It was found that the most favorable conditions for harvesting grain crops are formed in August. At the same time, as of September 1, 2019, 21 % of the area of grain crops was removed in the Kurgan region, and 71 % as of October 1. The yield of grain harvested in September was 5.7 t/ha below removed in August, loss of income – 6.2 thousand rubles/ha. Price for grain sold in September, is often lower than in August, and another minus 1.5 thousand rubles. The Early cleaning provide earlier crops. For more effective optimization of work terms, it is proposed to keep their records and analysis in the e-book of field history developed at the Kurgan research Institute. It was found that with minimal availability of agricultural machinery, the yield on fields in different hydrothermal conditions varied slightly due to the use of a wide range of sowing dates from May 2 to May 31 and the rational structure of varieties. About 10 % of crops under winter wheat allowed to start harvesting 2–3 weeks before spring and it is more profitable to sell grain. Agricultural producers are recommended to optimize the terms of harvesting spring wheat due to earlier sowing dates, taking into account the validity for each field and the introduction of winter wheat into circulation. The scientific novelty lies in the analysis of the conditions of sowing and harvesting operations in the economy that have developed over the past 5 years in the context of each field.

In this article, we are talking about the example of using an electronic database on the state and functioning of agricultural landscapes (fields) which was created in the Kurgan Research and Development Agricultural Institute for the calculation of economic effectiveness for each field, analysis, and design of management solutions in crop production. This method is based on the system analysis of database and cost estimates for technological maps of each field. Production data of Kurgan R&D Agricultural Institute, a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Ural Federal Agrarian R&D Center" of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences were used for completing information in the database. Registered here agronomical information made it possible to calculate economic parameters taking into account the characteristics of each field and to choose the most efficient agricultural technologies. Results 2017-2018 showed a significant difference in the profitability of grain production among the fields from-22% to 119%. Factors that determined high economic effect were highlighted: fallow previous crop, Raduga variety, rust-tolerant, seeding using SKP-2,1 plow planter, using of high-performance Acros 530 combine harvester. Production experience showed differences in responsiveness to fertilizer in different fields in contrast to the same technology of spring wheat cultivation. The following possible reasons were analyzed: differences in particle size distribution (heavy and middle loam ordinary chernozem), humus (3.9 and 3.0%) and phosphorus (71 and 104 mg/kg of soil) content in the soil.

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