Protected Areas provide a valuable source of information on the effects of invasive alien species on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning as well as the dynamics of invasions. Solidago canadensis is an extremely aggressive alien species. It is included into the world's 100 most invasive plant species. Our study aimed to monitor the invasiveness of S. canadensis in the Sanctuary «Prilepsky» in Minsk district. The article contains a brief description of the introduction of Solidago canadensis in Europe and more detailed in Belarus. The parameters characterising its invasiveness (average shoot length, foliage projective cover, average number of vegetative shoots, average number of generative shoots of S. canadensis and the average number of associated species per study plot) have been measured in three plant communities of the Sanctuary «Prilepsky» (Minsk district, Belarus) in 2016 and 2018. We noted that the invasiveness of S. canadensis is linked to the amount of sunlight received by ecotope. The proposed control measures include the afforestation of the open parts of the Sanctuary «Prilepsky» using native tree species, multiple mowings, and destroying the plants directly at the areas of most concern by volunteers.

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For the first time, a detailed study of the qualitative and quantitative composition of ginsenosides in the Panax ginseng roots was carried out with the help of high-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). The plants were introduced into the conditions of the Republic of Belarus at the experimental plot of the Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. It was found that in the examined roots, all basic neutral glycosides of ginseng (ginsenosides Rb1, Rc, Rb2/Rb3, Rd, Rf, Rg1 and Re), as well as their malonylated derivatives (malonylginsenosides Rb1, Rc, Rb2/Rb3, Rd, Rg1 and Re) and some “minor” ginsenosides (20-gluco-ginsenoside Rf, notoginsenosides R1 and R2, isomers of malonyl-ginsenosides Rb1 and Rd) are present. The research also showed that different parts of the P. ginseng roots differ significantly in a total content of ginsenosides: for the main root, this parameter was 3.3 % of dry mass, and for the lateral roots – 7.8 % of dry mass.

Russian dereza (Lycium ruthenicum Murr.) is a shrub plant that spreads on the territory of the dried Aral Sea in conditions of high soil salinity, dry and sharply continental climate. The fruits were collected and the features of germination of seeds of the russian dereza halophyte (Lycium ruthenicum Murr.) Under sterile and non-sterile conditions were studied. The optimal temperature and illumination regime for the germination of annual seeds of this species is a 16-hour photoperiod and a temperature of 25 °C, the germination of seeds in nonsterile conditions was: 4-year-old – 46 %; 2-year – 83; one-year – 96 %. It has been shown that L. ruthenicum plants remain viable for up to 4 years or more, on this basis, we attributed the seeds of this species to truly orthodox. When introduced into culture in vitro, it has been shown that multi-stage sterilization significantly reduces the viability of seeds and seedlings of Lycium ruthenicum Murr., which leads to a decrease in seed germination by up to 40 %. The optimal nutrient medium for the stable development of microshoots without anomalies, callus formation and initiation of root formation was MS with the addition of 1.0 mg/l 6-BAP to the nutrient medium, without sucrose. Maintaining the samples in the in vitro collection is carried out on a half-MS medium without hormones, without sucrose at a low positive temperature of 4 °C, illumination of ~500 lx and a photoperiod of 8 hours. The samples of L. ruthenicum in vitro can be used to develop methods of clonal micropropagation; for genotyping of samples and identification of molecular biomarkers of plant resistance to soil salinity; in the ex vitro morpho-biological study of plants resistant to salt stress.