The COVID-19 pandemic was an extreme situation that had a traumatic impact on psychosocial groups that performed their official duties in contact with the infected and sick, including in the gender aspect. Police officers were widely involved in anti-epidemic measures to protect order and citizens safety during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the study is to identify the emotional reactions features in female police officers - the Moscow police employees, carrying serving as public order guards in the COVID-19 pandemic emergency conditions. It is shown that female police officers, in contrast to male police officers, in emergency conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, showed greater neuro-psychic adaptability to stressful situations, despite increased situational and personal anxiety. When serving in crowded places, they showed anxiety not about their own health, but because of fears about the relatives possibility infecting. It is shown that it is expedient to develop differentiated psychosocial support personality-oriented programs for police officers, taking into account gender characteristics during medical and biological emergencies.

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The COVID-19 pandemic consequences for police officers mental health, as a special occupational risk group, have not been practically studied. The police officers official activities performance in a biological and social emergencies adversely affects their emotional state, reduces the individual psychological resources and can cause mental health deterioration. The police officers mental trauma formation is influenced by social, service and personal factors, therefore, for the timely negative deviations detection in their mental health state, a measures set is needed to organize the medical, personnel and psychological services the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA) interaction, to finalize the regulatory and scientific and methodological base to ensure their activities. The purpose is a methodological justification for improving the mental trauma prevention organization among police officers in biological and social emergencies caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. The methodological basis was the MIA governing documents comprehensive analysis, regulating the conduct of police officers medical and psychological support in emergencies. Results. Police officers mental trauma formation prevention is represented by the permanent differentiated accounting specifics and their division into certain groups according to the involvement in the disease degree: those who have a Coronavirus infection and are being treated in outpatient and inpatient conditions; those who are released from official duties, as contact with the sick; and those who continue to perform outdoor service in crowded places. A mechanism for police officers mental health state system monitoring using departmental electronic and digital resources for remote format and psycho-diagnostic examination mass scale has been developed. Conclusion. To increase the police officers mental trauma prevention effectiveness in medical and biological emergencies, a measures set is needed aimed at permanent registration and division into groups according to the involvement in the disease degree; coordinated MIA medical, personnel and psychological services interaction with consistent the specialists functions differentiation and the regulatory framework to ensure their activities refinement.

Nozologically formed borderline mental disorder (BMD) in combatants have a lower prevalence of mental disorders unlike a painful level. Blurred diagnostic criteria do not allow to attribute to the category of BMD the short-term outage of disturbance of mental adaptation - transient affective and behavioral reactions (TABR). In order to develop the expectancy model of TABR formation an analysis of personality characteristics of 649 combatants of the Interior Ministry have been carried out. Intermittent TABR in anamnesis revealed in 311 persons, such states and other violations of mental adaptation was not recorded in 338. Four years later, after the trip to zones with special service conditions, according to the I. Kotenev's method and Bass-Dark's test combatants revealed signs of maladjustment and high levels of physical aggression. Based on the data the TABR model has been designed using logistic regression and method of forced variables input. It was found that the risk of TABR formation increases with a decrease in the indicator "the invasion of the symptoms" scale and by increasing the parameters in the scale of "hyperactivity symptoms," "distress and maladjustment," "signs of post traumatic stress disorder" "physical aggression" and "verbal aggression". This shows that TABR more often appear in combatants with increased excitability in everyday life and a high level of physical aggression, while the symptoms of re-experiencing the traumatic event are not the triggering factor of TABR formation. This technique was proposed to use in medical and psychological support of personnel to prevent formation of TABR in combatants.

Relevance. Participation in hostilities is a stressful factor affecting the formation of mental disorders in combatants. According to scarce studies, combatants resigned from the security forces have some problems with mental health.Intention. Catamnestic analysis of mental disorders over time in combatants entitled to retirement pension upon their dismissal from the Internal Affairs bodies of Russia.Methodology. A catamnestic survey was conducted in 209 employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the Kirov region who were retired from 2015 to 2019. Depending on participation in hostilities, the respondents were divided into two groups: main group, 106 retired combatants from the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and the comparison group, 103 retired persons without combat experience. Catamnestic, clinical and experimental psychological research methods were used. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the STATISTICA 10.0. Mental disorders rates were calculated per 1000 military. Significant differences between the two groups were determined using Pearson’s χ2 and the Student’s t-test.Results and Discussion. According to the study results, the military personnel from the main group had statistically significantly more mental disorders (p < 0.001), as follows: organic, including symptomatic mental disorders (F00–F09 according to ICD-10), neurotic, associated with stress, and somatoform disorders (F40-F48). At the time of dismissal from service, military personnel from the main group had higher rates of all mental disorders (p < 0.001), i.e. organic ones, including symptomatic mental disorders. During the period of service, the groups demonstrated a significant increase in organic, including symptomatic mental disorders, mental and behavioral disorders associated with the use of psychoactive substances (F10–F19), and a decrease in neurotic stress-related and somatoform disorders. In the main group of pensioners of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, this dynamics is more pronounced. Therefore, there are shortcomings in the treatment of mental disorders during the period of service in the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.Conclusion. In order to improve the quality of psychiatric care for combatants from the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, it is necessary to improve approaches to providing psychiatric care in the structure of departmental multidisciplinary healthcare institutions with amendments to the current procedure for therapy and medical and psychological rehabilitation when returning employees from combat zones.