Aim: This study aimed to elucidate the ability of the bovine leukemia virus (BLV) to integrate into cells of heterologous organisms, in particular, Wistar rats, and examine the manifestations of the pathological process that could be seen in them. Materials and Methods: Wistar rats - were divided into three groups. The first group (I) was fed milk of intact cows, the second (II) - milk of BLV-infected cows, and the third (III) - milk of cows, clinically BLV sick. Rats of all groups were divided into two subgroups: In the subgroup "a", there were adult rats, and in the subgroup "b", their offspring were included. At 3, 6, 9, and 12 months from the start of the experiment, the animals' blood of each group was examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the presence of BLV provirus and specific anti-leukemia antibodies. A general and biochemical blood test was performed; pathological changes in the internal organs were recorded. Results: Using the PCR, the BLV infection was established in all experimental rats, whose immune response was expressed in varying degrees. At the initial stage of the infection, offspring rats were born healthy. The rats of the control groups Ia and Ib were intact to the BLV throughout the experiment. The biochemical blood tests have shown several signs of intoxication, endocrine disorders, and development of malignant processes in the experimental animals. There are also signs of liver, kidney, and myocardial damages, regardless of whether milk is infected or the cows are clinically leukemic. By the time, the experimental rats developed persistent thrombocytosis with an increase in the average volume of the blood platelets, which may be evidence of the leukemia infection by the megakaryocytic type. The most pronounced character of the change was in the offspring generation. Conclusion: Wistar rats can be considered as a suitable laboratory model to study the BLV pathogenesis. Rats are not BLV natural host, however, they developed the pathognomonic BLV infection symptoms when they were fed infected and leukemic cow's milk.

The article considers the method of grain processing in the medium of an anolyte, produced at the STEL type plant, with subsequent washing and drying to a humidity of not more than 14%. Decontamination of grain was carried out by ultrasound of low frequencies 24-26 kHz with ultrasound intensity no more than 1 W/cm2. The method provides a reduction in the content of mold fungi in the grain, prevents the development of mycotoxins in it, reduces contamination with mineral impurities and insect pest.

В статье представлен анализ динамики некоторых наиболее показательных маркеров гуморального иммунитета BLV-инфицированных крыс и их потомства. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что у экспериментально инфицированных крыс иммунологическая реакция развивается преимущественно по принципу торможения, так как содержание IL-1RA значительно превышает данные контрольной группы (в 2 раза). Особенно это выражено у потомства крыс (в 4,7 раза), при относительно стабильном содержании IL-1?. У всех экспериментальных животных происходит активация системы комплемента по классическому пути: содержание фракции С4 увеличивается на 14–18 %. У BLV-инфицированных крыс в большем количестве, чем у животных контрольной группы, присутствуют протеолитические фрагменты комплемента С3а (14–17 %) и С5а (от 14 % и значительно больше), что свидетельствует о развитии аллергии и может быть маркером склонности опухолевых клеток к пролиферации. Результаты наших исследований создают предпосылки для дальнейшего использования лабораторных крыс при изучении иммуногенеза энзоотического лейкоза крупного рогатого скота.

Thermography is an integral indicator which is formed by means such factors as the vasculature and the level of tissue metabolism. Infrared thermal imaging can be a tool for assessing the safety and effectiveness of implantation in bone tissue using various materials. The aim of the study was a comprehensive assessment of osteoreparative and integrative processes using thermography when implantation in dogs. The research objects were clinically healthy outbred dogs (n=16) at the age of 1 year and a live weight of 10-12 kg. Experimental implants coated with titanium dioxide had on their surface a polymer film of polyazolidinammonium modified with halogen hydrate ions with nanoaggregates of flavonoids according to the original author’s technique (Patent No. 2535067). Similar implants without coating were used as a control. According to the results of x-ray studies in the early and longterm after surgery, there were no foci of bone resorption in the peri-implant zone. Thermography showed a difference in temperature values in the peri-impalantant zone of experimental and control samples reaching 2°C during 1-4 weeks after implantation. On day 32, the temperature indicators for control and experimental samples were stabilized. Consequently, osteoreparative and integrative processes when using implants with author’s coating are accompanied by significantly less metabolic stress for the animal’s body, which was established using infrared thermography.

Increased consumer attention to healthy nutrition imposed the need for the development of diverse products with partial supersedence of wheat in flour mixture. Both nutritional value and sensorial attribute of the bread primarily depend on the yeast biotechnological properties. The aim of the research was studding the influence of flour composite mixes from wheat, lentil and millet flours in different proportions on biotechnological properties of baker’s yeast. According to our data, multi cereal bread with 5-10% lentil/millet flour addition had better sensory qualities than traditional wheat bread. But introduction of 20% or 30% lentil or millet flour into the flour mixture had the best stimulating effect for the yeast growth. Thus, the addition of average volumes of lentil or millet flour was accompanied by an increase in yeasts’ rising power 5 times, while introduction of 40% lentil flour and complex three-component flour mixture formation reduced the specific growth rate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by 1.5-2 times compared with the control. In addition, the best physico-chemical parameters were recorded in samples, containing 30% millet or 30% lentil flour.