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GİRİŞDünyada sınır kavramının azalması, ulaşım olanaklarının artması, insanların farklı kültürleri tanıma arzusu ve boş zamanlarının artması, seyahatlerde demokratikleşme ve teknolojik gelişmeler, turizm hareketlerine büyük bir ivme kazandırmış-tır (Yılmaz 2007;Usta 2008 ÖZDoğal çevre ve kaynakları koruyan yatırımların desteklenmesi için ayrılan özellikli kaynaklardan biri olan yeşil kredilere otel işletmelerinin bakış açılarının araştırıldığı bu çalışmada, amaçlı örnekleme tekniği kullanılarak 142 finans müdüründen anket formu aracılığıyla veri toplanmıştır. İşletmelerin yeşil yatırımlardan bekledikleri getirileri araştıran nitel çalışmalardan yararlanılarak geliştirilen 16 performans göstergesinin, otellerin mevcut ve yeşil kredi kullanma durumlarına göre değişimi araştırılmıştır. Temel istatistiklerin yanı sıra, araştırmada eşleştirilmiş t-Testi, açımlayıcı faktör analizi ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, katılımcıların mevcut durumda "sosyal", "ekonomik" ve "maliyet kontrolü" faktörleri altında algıladıkları performans gösterge-lerini, yeşil kredi kullanmaları durumda "sosyal ve ekonomik" ve "maliyet kontrol" olarak iki faktör altında algıla-dıkları anlaşılmıştır. Ayrıca, yeşil kredi kullanma durumunda en olumlu performans değişiminin "rekabet avantajı elde etme", "maliyet kontrolü" ve "sosyal itibar" göstergelerinde gerçekleştiği buna karşın "kurumsal ekonomik itibar" ve "borçları ödeme gücü"nün yeşil kredi kullanma durumuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değişiklik göstermediği ortaya çıkmıştır. Green Banking and Green Credits: An Investigation on the Perspectives of Four and Five Star Hotels in Antalya ABSTRACTThis study delves into hotels' perspective on green credits that are one of the specialized funds to support investments saving natural environment and resources. Data has been collected through questionnaires from 142 financial managements by using purposing sampling method. 16 performance criteria developed from hotels' expectations of green investment, has been evaluated by the participants considering their hotels' current and possible usage of green credit situation. In addition to basic statistics, paired sample t-Test, explanatory and confirmative factor analyses are applied. As a result of the study, it has been understood that, while in the current situation of the hotels, performance indicators have been perceived under three factors, which are "social", "economic" and "cost control", same indicators are perceived under two factors those are "social and economic" and "cost control" in presumption of using green credit. Moreover, the most significant positive performance differentiation has been observed among the "to get advantage of competiveness", "cost control" and "social reputation" indicators, in presumption of using green credit. The indicators "corporative economical reputation" and "capacity to pay debt" however, show no significant differentiation in terms of using green credit.

In the research, the causal relationships between Bitcoin, gold and oil prices were examined. The data of the research covers the period from 2015 to July 2020 and consists of daily price values. Augmented Dickey-Fuller Unit Root Test was used to see whether the stochastic process changes with time. Bitcoin and gold series do not contain a unit root since the oil series is stationary at the level while the difference is stationary. The reason why the series containing unit roots are not stationary is due to structural breaks or not, was investigated by Bai-Perron Unit Root Test with Multiple Structural Breaks. According to the test, it was determined that the Bitcoin series has one break and two regimes, while the gold series has two structural breaks and three different regimes. Whether the research series are cointegrated or not was investigated with the Gregory and Hansen test. The causality between the series was examined with the Toda-Yamamoto causality test, which is based on the VAR (Vector Autoregression) model and examines the causality in the series regardless of the unit root. A two-way causality relationship was determined between the eight lag-long Gold series and the Bitcoin series. In other cases, a causal relationship has not been established. As a result, we give an evidence that Bitcoin and gold prices series followed a parallel pattern while with oil not. Therefore, investors can add Bitcoin into their portfolios to make balance of the risk and return.