Environmental, social and economic aspects of transport and logistics systems' operation are considered in the paper. The role of the transport systems and logistic activities for achieving the goals of sustainable development is presented. Results of the statistical analysis of transport and logistics systems' influence on the environment are provided. The system of factors of sustainable development of transport and logistics systems based on structural and functional approach emphasizing the main functions of elements of a logistics system is proposed. Accounting the factors during transport and logistics systems' operation will allow to carry out integrated assessment of supply chains and their elements in compliance with the principles of sustainable development and develop activities for achieving the goals of sustainable development.