The historical-demographic and socio-cultural characteristics of the Tatar population of the Tomsk province at the end of the 19th century are presented. The ethno-demographic and urbanization processes that took place during this period are considered on the basis of the materials of the First General Census of the Russian Empire in 1897. The class, professional structure of the Tatar population of the province is described. Particular attention is paid to the problem of ethnic differentiation of the indigenous Turkic-Tatar population of the region. The scientific novelty of the study is largely determined by the poor knowledge of the issue. The relevance of the study is due to the need for further study of the stages and factors of the formation of this large group of Western Siberia population, denoted by the common ethnonym ‘Tatars’. It is shown that the Turkic-Tatar population of the Tomsk province was characterized by the heterogeneity of its composition. It is noted that the complexity of the ethnic picture in the Tomsk province was determined by the diversity of the indigenous Turkic population. It is emphasized that over 90 thousand people indicated Tatar as their native language, but not all of them subsequently became part of the emerging Tatar community. It was revealed that the Tatars of the Tomsk province, as well as the Tatar community of Western Siberia as a whole, were characterized by a weak involvement in the all-Russian economic processes.

The article is devoted to the characteristics of the socio-cultural image of the Tatar rural settlements of the Tobolsk province population at the beginning of the 20th century. The dynamics of the population and the number of settlements for the second half of the 19th — early 20th centuries are traced (according to the lists of settlements in the Tobolsk province). The authors focus on the consideration of the socio-cultural infrastructure of the Tatar rural settlements. It is understood as a set of objects of the non-productive sphere (religious, educational institutions, healthcare facilities and communications). They reveal regional and ethnic features of the integration of the Tatar population into the all-Russian system in the period under review. The country has undergone reforms aimed at unifying the management system and actively integrating the national outskirts into national processes. There was an acceleration of migration processes. It caused a violation of the former isolation of the rural Tatar-Muslim communities. Settlers arriving in the region contributed to the active development of commodity-money relations. The educational and cultural needs of the Tatar population grew. All-Russian processes have caused the need to adapt to new realities, in connection with which there is a modernization within the confessional education system.

Research objectives: The Kazakh sultan Uraz-Muhammad, who happened to find himself in the territory of the Moscow Tsardom in 1588, was elevated to the throne of the declining Kasimov Khanate in 1600. His arrival in this Turkic enclave yurt, which had been ruled by the Greater Horde dynasty (Sheikh-Avliyar, Shah-Ali, Sain-Bulat, Mustafa-Ali) for a considerable period since 1516, was a political innovation by the Kazakh sultan that remains not fully explained. At that time, representatives of other branches of the Chingisids, such as the significant group of Kuchumoviches (Shibanids), who were likely no less prominent than the Kazakh khans tracing their lineage to the Ordaids or Tukay-Timurids (more recently, primarily to the former), existed in the Moscow Tsardom. The general assessment expressed in the literature that Uraz-Muhammad’s enthronement in Kasimov was an action related to “the further implementation of the eastern policy of the Moscow Tsardom,” according to A.V. Belyakov’s words, lacks sufficient specificity. Therefore, the authors of this article considered it necessary to conduct a more detailed analysis of this issue. Research materials: The authors examined the historiography of the issue of Uraz-Muhammad’s appearance in the Moscow Tsardom, as well as the political situation at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries in both the state and the Kazakh Khanate. Sources such as Kadyr Ali-bek’s “Jami al-tawarikh,” Siberian chronicles, as well as folk legends and traditions found in G.F. Miller’s work “History of Siberia” and Siberian Tatar local history writings were utilized. Results and novelty of the research: The conducted research allowed us to conclude that Moscow’s choice of a candidate like the Kazakh sultan Uraz-Muhammad for the Kasimov throne in 1600 was dictated by the politico-ideological considerations of the ruling elite of the Moscow Tsardom. These considerations were explained by the new challenges in the field of eastern policy that emerged on the eve of the 16th and 17th centuries, which were of great importance to the Moscow Tsardom.

The dynamics of urbanization processes among the Tatar population of Western Siberia during the second half of the 19th — first third of the 20th centuries is considered on the basis of the materials of the First General Census of the Population of the Russian Empire in 1897 and the All-Union Census of 1926. The main attention in the article is paid to the factors that influenced urbanization processes, among which are the bourgeois reforms of the second half of the 19th century, the Stolypin reform of the early 20th century, as well as the policy of the emerging Soviet state in the 20s of the 20th century. The results of a comparative analysis with the general situation in the country in the study period for the Tatar and Russian population are presented. The question is raised about the role and place of Tatar migrants from the Volga and Ural regions in the cities of Western Siberia. Particular attention is paid to the demographic indicators of urbanization processes, identifying the features of their course. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that the process of the formation of the urban Tatar population in the second half of the 19th — the first third of the 20th centuries is for the first time considered in historical dynamics. The relevance of the study is due to the poor study of the topic.

Рассматривается историко-демографическая характеристика татарского населения Тобольской губернии в конце XIX в. по результатам Первой всеобщей переписи населения 1897 г. Автор приводит сведения о численности, составе и размещении татарского населения, его демографических и социальных характеристиках. На основе сравнительного анализа данных за 60-е и 90-е гг. XIX в. выявляются изменения в численности и расселении, степени урбанизации, половозрастной структуре, которые произошли с данной группой населения в пореформенный период. Ключевые слова: Западная Сибирь; Тобольская губерния; Первая всеобщая перепись населения 1897 г.; татары; демография.