Pathology of the central nervous system in children of early age, due mainly hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in the antenatal period and delivery, which occupies a leading place among all factors of perinatal nervous system lesions in infants, is one of the most actual problems of modern medicine. Despite favourable demographic state, the improvement of the quality of perinatal care and medical care of newborns with a weight at birth from 500 grams, the tendency to reduction in the incidence of perinatal lesions of the central nervous system didn’t observed. On the contrary, there is progression of their course, which determines the subsequent mental and physical development of the child - from minimal brain dysfunction and gross motor and intellectual disorders, often resulting in disability. Purpose of the study is to evaluate the clinical features of central nervous system pathology in children of early age by means of neurobiochemistry markers and to develop prognostic criteria for the course and pathogenetic therapy regimens. Materials and methods. Comprehensive survey of 134 children (61 boys and 73 girls ) aged from 0 to 9 months was carried out with the assessment of neurological status and biochemical markers. Results of study. In formation of gravity of perinatal lesions all the studied markers participated, but to a greater extent – the parameters of neurotrophic lesions and endothelial dysfunction. The first component of the nervous tissue of the brain, responding to hypoxia, is microglial environment, which is caused by the growth of lesions S100- protein (i.e., the neuron at the stage of 0-1 months didn’t been metabolic changes – this is evidence of low levels of SOD and MDA).

The results of gas discharge visualization method of expired air condensate in children and teenagers with diabetes 1 have been presented. 8 healthy (average age is 12,13±2,23) and 9 sick children (average age is (14,4±2,13) were examined. Lipodystrophy and diabetic polyneuropathy have been detected among all patients. Glucose level in blood plasma was equal to 9,64±1,08 mM/g, haemoglobin (НbА1с) – 9,62±0,67%. Change of some gas discharge visualization parameters (light emission area increase, normalized area, entropy of isometric line, midradius of isometric line, normalized standard deviation, isometric line radius and length) have been observed in patients with diabetes. These changes reflect peculiarities of functional changes at diabetes 1 so bioelectrography may be used in ambulance conditions as diagnostic method.