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It is shown that the problem of cold accumulation is complicated, and the importance of cold carriers, the temperature of generated and accumulated cold, methods of its utilization, and particularly for large users of cold, i.e., air cooling machines and vapor-compression refrigeration machines, are noted.The clearly defined problem of saving electrical energy and energy resources has stimulated specialists in very different fields to look not only for methods for reducing energy consumption, but also to develop storage and transforming electrical energy and heat, that will make it possible to optimize their generation and consumption. We are convinced that this also relates directly to low-potential heat, i.e., cold. Various aspects of this problem are still far from being studied in relation to the level of contemporary possibilities, although it has been realized for a long time in simple versions both abroad and in Russia, and in countries with a continental and warm climate.The main reasons for performing studies of this problem are, on one hand, a constant increase in the proportion of electrical energy for the purposes of generating cold, and, on the other hand, the existing difference in the costs of electrical energy during the day and at nighttime. The cost of 1 kW·h may vary by a factor of 1.5-4 (at night, the cost of electrical energy is less). In addition, the problem of accumulating cold has a direct relationship to the use of natural daily and seasonal changes in the temperature of thee environment with which potentially it is possible to provide a reduction in energy consumption for cold generation, i.e., to accomplish energy saving.Among objects that may be commercially suitable for using cold accumulation systems, it is possible to note large refrigeration stores, sporting structures, large objects of air conditioning, heavy-load ships, and also objects of large tonnage production and consumers of liquefied natural gas (LNG). Everyday refrigeration technology and climate technology also may be considered as objects for using these accumulators. The necessary control of electrical energy consumption during the day and at night is entirely real: so-called two tariff networks for electrical energy are already used, most extensively in newly built homes. In addition, especially under conditions of the northern latitudes, it is possible to realize pre-cooling of natural cold accumulators (water ice, etc.) with their further use for other purposes, including generation of lower temperature cold, for example, in natural gas liquefaction.It is clear that the problem of cold accumulation is complicated and there are important technical questions relating to the possible cold carrier, the temperature of generated and accumulated cold, methods of its utilization, and what is particularly important for large cold consumers, i.e., refrigeration machines for generating cold.We analyze the technical side of the problem of cold accumulation in fact for its large consumers in the field of moderately low and cryo...

An analysis has been made of a large number of studies on the dependence of absorption of inert gases on solvent temperature, where extensive experimental data were obtained for such media as water and solutions of salts, the study of the properties of which is of great practical and scientific interest. The results of the experimental study of the temperature dependence of xenon and krypton solubility in a vegetable oil in the temperature range 0-70°C are reported.The obtained experimental data were processed in accordance with the procedure and, knowing the distribution factor for the investigated gas−liquid system, the volume content of the gas in the liquid, which corresponds to the equilibrium absorption of the desired gas under saturation conditions, was determined by known relationships.The temperatures 0, 24, 37, 50, 60, and 70°C were chosen to construct the temperature dependence of xenon and krypton absorption in sunflower oil on the temperature of the test absorbent.Within the framework of this work, 24 experiments were performed with two measurements for each temperature value. The results of the investigations are plotted in Fig. 2 as experimental points.According to the procedure used, the maximum measurement error does not exceed 15%. The obtained experimental data show that the xenon and krypton absorption values diminish as the absorbent temperature rises, whereupon the dependences bear a nonlinear pattern, the reason for which may be change in physical properties of the solvent (oil), for example viscosity, with temperature.

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