The development of national and international biotechnology law in the context of new constitutional priorities, threats and challenges to life, public health and safety, is one of the current and yet under-researched topics in the scientific legal literature. Unfortunately, pro-gress in the life sciences is proceeding faster than the legal thinking that should accompany them. Breakthroughs in biology and medicine dictate the corresponding development of law, which today unfortunately lags chronically behind, resulting in gaps and contradictions between existing legal norms. As contemporary researchers have noted, and as is also evident in judicial practice, the issues of regulating the objects of bio-law - the body, life, procreation, self-identification, and ecology - mirror the contradictions of our society. The need to legally regulate the application of biotechnology has led to the formation of bioclaw as a new, integrated set of laws and, in the long term, as a branch of law of a new generation. As a response to the rapid introduction of advances in biotechnology into human life, we believe that bio-law must take into account the benefits and challenges associated with the impact of new technologies on the human body that may fundamentally alter the human condition as a physical individual. In this case, ethical issues, i. e. the requirements of bioethics, lead to a reflection on the content of bioethics in contemporary democracies and legal states. In particular, the introduction of technologies associated with gene editing, cloning, surrogacy, transplantation medicine, sex reassignment surgeries and other interventions into human nature, the consequences of which are not fully understood and threaten the physical and mental health of individuals, can cause irreparable harm to the spiritual, social, moral and ethical foundations of individuals, families, society, states and humanity as a whole. In our opinion, in the next few decades, bio-law will emerge as a global, integrated branch of law that simultaneously incorporates the norms of international law and national law. The main purpose of bio-law as a new branch of law is to counteract the global threat to humanity which consists in the emergence of a trend toward mass, large-scale changes to human nature and its unique natural qualities through the use of biotechnological advances. Therefore, the object of regulation and, accordingly, protection by this branch of law is not only the individual, his or her physical and spiritual health, but humanity as a whole, current and future generations. The uniqueness of bio-law as a new branch of law also lies in the fact that the individual, humanity, present and future generations are both the objects and subjects of law. The integrated nature of bioprinciples is manifested in the close connection of public and private interests with the obvious predominance of the public significance of their legal norms.

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Purpose of the study. The article examines topical problems of judicial protection of the population's right to territorial self-organization. This research seems to be relevant in connection with the problems that have arisen in practice, which require a comprehensive substantiation of the constitutional content of the population's right to territorial self-organization and an assessment of the existing judicial practice of considering territorial disputes in the system of local self-government in the Russian Federation. Conclusions. As a result of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that the provisions of Federal Law No. 131-ФЗ as amended by Federal Law No. 87-ФЗ dated 05/01/2019 and the judicial practice of recognizing a decision of a representative body as a form of consent of the population to change the boundaries of municipalities contradicts the constitutional right of the population on territorial self-organization. Such forms of democracy as a local referendum, general municipal discussion by the population or a general municipal poll should have an advantage, which will maximize the involvement of residents in resolving issues of the territorial structure at the municipal level.

Purpose. To analyze the legal institution of judicial protection of human rights and freedoms, its current state and prospects for development in the RF. Objectives. To consider the complex right to judicial protection as the main element of a legal institution. To reveal the content of the elements of the institute for the protection of human rights. Formulate a definition of the concept of judicial protection. Conclusions. Among the many systems of ensuring human rights and freedoms, judicial protection is the most important element of state protection in the Russian Federation. When identifying the protection of human rights as a system, it is more appropriate to use a broader theoretical structure, namely, to adhere to the concept of “institution for the protection of human rights”, the deemed pat of which impulse the introduction is certain mechanisms, include means and procedures is protection. In the domestic legal literature, the concreting of a mechanism for the protection of human rights has been introduced to reveal the dynamic characteristics of the human rights function of the state. From the poet of view role is individual haunches and bodies of power in the protection of rights and freedoms, it is advisable to distinguish the following composite types of human rights protection: law-making (legislative) protection; administrative (executive and administrative) protection; judicial protection. The right to judicial protection is a complex constitutional right of an integrated type. Judicial protection of rights and freedoms is a multidimensional legal concept that can at least be considered, firstly, as a type of state-legal protection of rights and freedoms; secondly, as a public-legal, interpectoral institution within which the public and private interests of legal subjects are protected through the judiciary; thirdly, as a function of the roles is law that guaranteeing the realization is rights through access to justice and fair trial, fourth, as a key element of the mechanism for the realization of rights and freedoms; fifth, as the most universal and authoritative means of legal protection, applied in combination with other procedures used at the initial stage of dispute resolution or legal conflict (pre-trial settlement of a dispute within the framework of administrative procedures, mediation and reconciliation of the parties).

The influence of constitutional principles on youth consciousness is a fundamental issue. Combined, constitutional and moral principles underlie behavior of young people in the society. They are of great relevance in the process of civil society formation. This paper examines the features of self-actualization of youth in Russia. We conducted a sociological survey of more than 200 students of higher educational institutions, most of them participating in the activities of youth public organizations in various areas: sports, politics, ecology, patriotic education, charity, etc. The survey showed that those who actively realized their talents and abilities and sought to express themselves in science and society were motivated by the constitutional guidelines; they were well aware of the content of legal prescriptions that specify constitutional principles. Many of the young people perceive constitutional principles as guarantees of their legal possibilities that determine the basis for their interaction with other subjects of law. Moreover, it was found that legal and moral values formed in the mind of a young person provide understanding of the content of constitutional principles and affect the behavior of a young person in the process of self-actualization.