Wood pulp industry generates tons of lignosulfonate by-product waste every year. Rational utilization of lignosulfonates is limited due to non-uniform structure and complex chemical composition. However, presence of different functional groups allows for a broad range of industrial applications, including catalysis in polymer chemistry. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze structural composition of sodium lignosulfonate and its modified forms using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Sulfuric acid treatment of sodium lignosulfonate was hypothesized to enhance catalytic capacity of the original lignosulfonate by increasing the amount of sulfonic acid catalytic active sites inside the structure of the macromolecule. FTIR analysis identified structural features of the lignosulfonate-based catalysts and their catalytic potential was assessed via alcohol dehydration reaction. As a result, polymeric forms of lignosulfonate were successfully used as a carbon-based catalyst matrix.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

The paper considers ways to reduce industrial waste of spent cation exchange catalysts by pre-purification of hydrocarbon raw materials from catalytic poisons with lignosulfonates. The indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of lignosulfonates are highlighted, the normalized values for ensuring the quality of purification are indicated. To achieve the results of purification, optimal conditions for the preparation of primary lignosulfonate compounds are shown. Taking into account the duration of decomposition of waste cation exchange catalysts, the efficiency of large-scale implementation of the results obtained is evaluated, ways of significantly increasing the duration of operation of ion exchange catalysts are indicated. Catalytic poisons are captured by biodegradable lignosulfonate, which can be reused as components of drilling fluids or regenerated for re-filtration from catalytic poisons.