The available data on wellstudied areas of the Turan platform (as an example) are reviewed and analyzed to reveal the role of consedimentation and postsedimentation tectonic movements in formation of dislocations of the sedimentary cover. At the background of the longterm (tens and hundreds of million years) quiet evolution of the territory under study, shortterm intervals are distinguished, which duration amounts to the first millions of years (typically manifested in one or two stratigraphic layers); in such time intervals, tectonic movements were dramatically boosted and accompanied by land uplifting, sea regression, erosion of sediments accumulated earlier and manifestation of deformation processes. The paleotectonic reconstructions show that during such 'revolutionary' stages, large tectonic elements occurred along with local uplifts that added to their complexity. In the region under study, the PreJurassic, PreCretaceous (Late Okoma), PreDanish and the PreMiddle Miocene gaps in sedimentation are studied in detail. It is shown that only during the above four periods of sedimentation gaps and accompanying erosiondenudation processes, the regional structures gained from 50 to 80% of their current amplitudes at the bottom of the cover, and the PreDanish and PreMiddle Miocene washout periods were most important. Local uplift also developed impulsively and primarily due to the postsedimentation movements. Crosssections of anti clines studied in detail (Figures 1 to 3) are discussed as examples that clearly show the increase of erosional shearing of the sediments accumulated earlier towards domes of uplifts without any consedimentation decrease of their thicknesses. During these periods of the geologic history, regardless of their short duration, folded dislocation gained up to 65-90% of their cur rent amplitudes. The periods of activation were separated by long relatively quiescent tectonic periods with the gradually slowing down growth of anticlines to complete cessation. Dislocations in other regions, such as the Azov Sea (Fig. 4), the DnieperDonets basin, Donbas, etc. were formed under a similar scenario. Impulsiveness of tectonic processes is well illustrated by events that recently took place at the Taman peninsula. In 2011, the sea bottom uplifted dramatically along the coastal line of the Azov Sea and formed a new land segment (Figures 5 to 8). The vertical movement amplitude amounted to minimum 5 metres. This new structure formation was due to a shortterm renewal of growth of the Kamenny Cape. After the shortterm activation of tectonic movements, the period of tectonic quies cence is in place, and the majority of the uplift has been destroyed by marine erosion. Impulsiveness of tectonic movements may be caused by the tangential stress that periodically puts an impact on the litho spheric plates. Horizontal tectonic movement and associated stresses can lead to both interplate and intraplate deformations.

The Kara-Bogaz geoblock is interpreted by many researchers as a structure underlain by the Precambrian sialic crust, incorporated in the young (epi-Hercynian) Turan Plate. The paper presents the results of a detailed study of the material composition of igneous and metamorphic rocks making up the basement of the Kara-Bogaz Arch and recovered by deep boreholes. To subdivide and correlate the sections, we employed data of geophysical borehole surveys, including all types of logging. Microscopic examination of rocks was also performed to determine their composition, genesis, and degree of postsedimentation alterations. Data on absolute ages of rocks and paleontological data were also employed. The results of the work of our predecessors have been studied and critically analyzed. It is established that there are no direct indications of the continental crust older than Paleozoic in the basement of the Near-Kara-Bogaz region. The metamorphic units of the Kara-Bogaz Arch are represented by primary sedimentary and volcanosedimentary deposits that were altered at the stage of regional greenschist metamorphism. These rocks are intruded by granitoid bodies corresponding to the final stages of Hercynian tectogenesis. In parts spatially close to intrusions, the degree of secondary alterations in metamorphic rocks increases due to the thermal effect. Amphibolites of the Kara-Bogaz Arch are metamorphosed igneous rocks, which are closely associated with primary terrigenous deposits and have undergone subsequent metamorphosis (greenschist facies regional metamorphism). Gneisses of the discussed region refer to the marginal facies of granitoid plutons that formed as a result of metasomatic reworking of the host strata (protomagmatic gneissic banding). We think that the Kara-Bogaz Arch is a Hercynian megaanticlinorium of the young platform, and this does not exclude the possibility of fragments of more ancient crust in the structure of this arch. The sedimentary–metamorphic and volcanosedimentary rocks making it up and intruded by multiple granitoid bodies are units of the active margin.

Проведён детальный литолого-стратиграфический анализ карбонатных отложений верхнего триаса Западного Предкавказья. Дана характеристика разрезов, вскрытых глубокими скважинами в различных тектонических зонах, выполнена их корреляция. Определены границы распространения карбонатной формации. Анализ материалов опробовательских работ в скважинах свидетельствует о возможности формирования в этом комплексе самостоятельных газовых залежей. Морфология резервуаров в низкопроницаемых карбонатных отложениях в значительной степени будет контролироваться участками развития вторичных коллекторов, связанных зонами новейшей тектонической трещиноватости. Определена зона вероятного развития рифогенных построек. Ключевые слова: карбонатная формация, газоносность, морфология резервуаров газа, верхний триас, Западное Предкавказье. Введение Отложения триаса в Западном Предкавказье имеют широкое площадное распространение. Здесь они вскрыты многими глубокими скважинами, а южнее, между рр. Малая Лаба и Белая на Северном Кавказе, они выходят на дневную поверхность. Литология и стратиграфия обнаженного триаса изучались с 1907 г., и к концу 60-х гг. прошлого века они в основном исследованы. На значительно большей территории запада Скифской платформы исследования к тому времени только начались, и в последующем данной проблеме посвящены работы многих авторов, таких как Г.

No abstract

С триасовыми отложениями Скифско-Туранской платформы связаны основные перспективы открытия новых скоплений углеводородов. Несмотря на многолетнюю историю исследований, многие вопросы геологического строения этого комплекса остаются недостаточно разработанными. Одним из них является строение антиклинальных структур – главных поисковых объектов на нефть и газ. Вплоть до настоящего времени преобладает точка зрения орешающей роли в их формировании вертикальных тектонических движений. В то же время в последние годы появляется все больше свидетельств о наличии в триасовом разрезе дислокаций, образовавшихся под воздействием сил бокового сжатия. Одним из таких районов является Жетыбай-Узеньская ступень Южно-Мангышлакского прогиба. Изучение особенностей строения развитых здесь складок и разрывов позволит решить вопрос механизма их формирования и раскрыть генезис внутриплитных дислокаций. Цель исследований. Изучение морфологии складчатых и разрывных нарушений северного борта Южно-Мангышлакского прогиба с целью определения их морфологии и условий образования. Методы исследования. Комплексный анализ геолого-геофизической информации, включающей в себя материалы сейсмической разведки, глубокого бурения. Выполнено макро- и микроописание кернов скважин. Произведены литолого-стратиграфическое расчленение и корреляция разрезов скважин с использованием данных всех видов каротажа, палеонтологических определений органических остатков. Использованы материалы сейсморазведки МОГТ с высокой кратностью наблюдений. Применены методы сейсмостратиграфии и структурного анализа. Результаты работы. Проведенные исследования свидетельствуют об определяющей роли тангенциального сжатия в формировании структуры триасовых отложений. Описана морфология конкретных складчато-надвиговых дислокаций, а также послойных срывов. Полученные результаты могут способствовать решению ряда вопросов нефтяной геологии, выбору рациональной методики геологоразведочных работ. Материалы исследований могут быть использованы при изучении геологического строения других менее изученных районов молодой платформы The main prospects for the discovery of new accumulations of hydrocarbons are associated with the Triassic deposits of the Scythian-Turanian platform. Despite the long history of research, many issues of the geological structure of this complex remain insufficiently developed. One of them is the structure of anticline structures – the main search facilities for oil and gas. Until now, the prevailing point of view is about the decisive role of vertical tectonic movements in their formation. At the same time, in recent years there has been more and more evidence of the presence of dislocations in the Triassic section formed under the influence of lateral compression forces. One of these areas is the Zhetybai-Uzen stage of the South Mangyshlak trough. Studying the structural features of the folds and ruptures developed here will solve the problem of the mechanism of their formation and reveal the genesis of intraplate dislocations. Aim. To study the morphology of folded and discontinuous disturbances of the northern side of the Yuzhno-Mangyshlak trough in order to determine their morphology and conditions of formation. Methods. Comprehensive analysis of geological and geophysical information, including materials of seismic exploration, deep drilling. Macro- and micro-description of well cores has been performed. Lithological and stratigraphic dissection and correlation of well sections were performed using data from all types of logging, paleontological definitions of organic residues. The materials of the seismic survey of MOGT with a high frequency of observations were used. Methods of seismostratigraphy and structural analysis are applied. Results. The conducted studies indicate the determining role of tangential compression in the formation of the structure of Triassic sediments. The morphology of specific fold-thrust dislocations, as well as layer-by-layer disruptions, is described. The obtained results can contribute to the solution of a number of issues of petroleum geology, the choice of rational methods of geological exploration. The research materials can be used in the study of the geological structure of other less studied areas of the young platform