Background. The COVID-19 lockdown has had a significant impact on mental health. Patients with eating disorders (ED) have been particularly vulnerable. Aims. (1) To explore changes in eating-related symptoms and general psychopathology during lockdown in patients with an ED from various European and Asian countries; and (2) to assess differences related to diagnostic ED subtypes, age, and geography. Methods. The sample comprised 829 participants, diagnosed with an ED according to DSM-5 criteria from specialized ED units in Europe and Asia. Participants were assessed using the COVID-19 Isolation Scale (CIES). Results. Patients with binge eating disorder (BED) experienced the highest impact on weight and ED symptoms in comparison with other ED subtypes during lockdown, whereas individuals with other specified feeding and eating disorders (OFSED) had greater deterioration in general psychological functioning than subjects with other ED subtypes. Finally, Asian and younger individuals appeared to be more resilient. Conclusions. The psychopathological changes in ED patients during the COVID-19 lockdown varied by cultural context and individual variation in age and ED diagnosis. Clinical services may need to target preventive measures and adapt therapeutic approaches for the most vulnerable patients.

Long-term recording of a person’s activity (actimetry or actigraphy) using devices typically worn on the wrist is increasingly applied in sleep/wake, chronobiological, and clinical research to estimate parameters of sleep and sleep-wake cycles. With the recognition of the importance of light in influencing these parameters and with the development of technological capabilities, light sensors have been introduced into devices to correlate physiological and environmental changes. Over the past two decades, many such new devices have appeared from different manufacturers. One of the aims of this review is to help researchers and clinicians choose the data logger that best fits their research goals. Seventeen currently available light-and-motion recorders entered the analysis. They were reviewed for appearance, dimensions, weight, mounting, battery, sensors, features, communication interface, and software. We found that all devices differed from each other in several features. In particular, six devices are equipped with a light sensor that can measure blue light. It is noteworthy that blue light most profoundly influences the physiology and behavior of mammals. As the wearables market is growing rapidly, this review helps guide future developments and needs to be updated every few years.

The increased interest in non-alcohol liver disease research is due to the increased incidence of obesity in developed countries. Thus liver disease is prevalent in 20-40 % of population. Nevertheless fibrosis is found not in every patient, which makes the importance to investigate the factors that are associated with fibrosis. Aim. The purpose of our research was to investigate lipid and glucose metabolism in patients with metabolic syndrome in dependence of liver fibrosis intensity. Materials and methods. We investigated 129 patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome aged 18-59 years old (average age 44 (38+47) years), who underwent elastometry and fibrosis intensity was estimated in dependence of accompanying metabolic disorders (lipid and glucose). Results. Glucose metabolic disorders are accompanied by non-alcohol fatty liver disease in 100%, and elastometric fibrosis features are present in 61% of these patients. If liver fibrosis is present, independently of its intensity, in patients without glucose metabolism disturbances insulin resistance is twofold more often (HOMA index 2.7), while there was no significant correlation of fibrosis with atherogenic profile changes. Conclusion. According to elastometry lipid and glucose disorders are not associated with liver fibrosis intensity.

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Aim. To evaluate postprandial changes of lipid and glucose profiles, inflammation markers levels and flow-mediated vasodilatation in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) and to estimate acarbose course treatment efficacy in glucose intolerant patients. Material and methods. A total of 114 MS patients (83 men, 31 women) were examined, MS was associated with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in 55 cases. At the first stage postprandial dynamics of flow-mediated dilation (FMD), lipid profile parameters, inflammation markers and insulin levels were estimated. At the second stage patients with MS and IGT (n=55) were randomly assigned to the two groups of treatment. Patients of the first group (n=28) had non-drug treatment. Patients of the second group (n=27) received acarbose 300 mg/day for 3 months in addition to recommendations for lifestyle change. 3 months later postprandial values of lipid and glucose profiles parameters, inflammation markers levels and FMD were reassessed. Results. MS patients with IGT revealed maximal disorders in metabolic parameters during postprandial period: increase in the plasma levels of total cholesterol by 6.1%, high density lipoproteins -by 1.7%, and triglycerides -by 27.87%, increase in atherogenic index by 4.8%, and plasma concentrations of glucose -by 54.7%, insulin -by 30.2%, HOMA index -by 73.3%, as well as concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) -by 49.7%, tumor necrose factor alpha -by 20.8%, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) -by 51.9%. FMD decreased by 34.3%. After 12 weeks of the acarbose treatment we had revealed positive dynamics of studied indices in postprandial period as compared to an only non-drug management: levels of glucose increased by 24.1% vs 44.4%, insulin -by 14.4% vs 24.4%, CRP -by 19.9% vs 36.6%, IL-6 -by 25.1% vs 41.7%; postprandial FMD decreased by 18.9% vs 31.1%. Conclusion. Prescription of acarbose 300 mg/day for 12 weeks in glucose intolerant patients is characterized by less significant postprandial increase in insulin resistance, inflammation markers (CRP and IL-6) levels, less decrease in flow-mediated vasodilatation with no influence on lipid metabolism parameters. Цель. Изучить изменения постпрандиальных параметров липидного и углеводного профиля, уровня маркеров воспаления и динамики поток-зависимой вазодилатации у паци-ентов с метаболическим синдромом (МС) и оценить эффективность курсового применения акарбозы при наличии нарушенной толерантности к углеводам (НТГ). Материал и методы. Обследованы 114 больных (83 мужчины и 31 женщина) с МС, из которых у 55 МС ассоциировался с НТГ. На первом этапе проведена оценка динамики поток-зависимой вазодилатации, параметров липидного профиля, маркеров воспаления и содержания инсулина в поспрандиальный период. На втором этапе пациенты с МС и НТГ (n=55) были рандомизированы на 2 группы лечения. В первой группе (n=28) проводилась немедикаментозная терапия (коррекция питания и физической активности). Па-циенты второй группы (n=27) кроме рекомендаций по изменению образа жизни получали акарбозу 300 мг/сут в течение 3 мес....