The article describes the results of a three-year field experiment studying the effects of sowing periods on the crop structure, biometric indicators and productivity of white lupine varieties Degas and Gamma. The experiment was conducted in 2015-2017 on the leached chernozem of the experimental field of Kurgan State Agricultural Academy in the forest-steppe zone of Kurgan Region. The first sowing period corresponded to the physical soil maturity (the third decade of April - the first decade of May), the subsequent sowing periods were 6-8 days after the first one. Only in 2015, the full ripeness phase was not achieved (the third sowing period). The optimal sowing period was the first one: the yield of lupine grain varied from 2.5 to 14.9 t/ha.

Cultivation of fiber flax and oil flax in Kurgan region is of current interest due to the presence of flax seed and straw processing enterprise – SUE Len Zauralya, Kurgan. To increase the production of highquality flaxseed oil and flax products, the level of flax production should be increased via theoretically substantiated cultivation technologies. Propagating a new variety, plant breeders consider the needs of two categories of consumers – flax producers and flax processors. Some of them need fiber flax varieties of high yield (seed and fiber) and high fiber quality resistant to diseases and lodging, adapted to conditions of Trans-Urals and Siberia. Other consumers need fiber flax varieties that meet numerous requirements of textile, construction, automotive, aviation, medical, and other sectors of the economy, and are suitable for processing by state-of-the-art flax processing equipment. The approach to develop a variety has currently become targeted and customized. Varieties grown in the study area and used as a standard showed high fiber yields: Tomsky 17 – 0.68 t/ha, Tomsky 18 – 0.69 t/ha. The results of the three-year study showed high yields of new varieties: Tost 3 – 0.98 t/ha, Tost 4 – 0.86 t/ha, Tost 5 – 0.82 t/ha. The fiber yield of these varieties was also high: Tost 3 – 0.71 t/ha, Tost 4 – 0.68 t/ha, Tost 5 – 0.66 t/ha.

Oilseed flax is a valuable multi - use oilseed crop. The Ural region is favorable for growing flax and has great prospects in the development of this direction. Producers of flax products need to know how profitable this crop is, and how the crop can behave when organisms or populations of the same species influence each other; what is the interaction of individuals or populations of different species, etc. To increase production and obtain high-quality flax products, it is necessary to increase the level of flax production culture through the use of science-based cultivation technologies. When creating a new variety, breeders take into account the needs of two categories of consumers - flax producers and flax processors. Some require flax varieties with high productivity (for seeds and fiber) and fiber quality, resistant to diseases and lodging, adapted to the conditions of the TRANS-Urals and Siberia. Others are varieties of flax that meet the numerous requirements of textile, construction, automotive, aviation, medical, and other industries, and are suitable for processing on modern flax processing equipment. In other words, the approach to creating a variety has now changed - it becomes targeted, for a specific order.

The paper discusses the effect of pre-sowing treatment of buckwheat with organic fertilizers on its structural indicators, yield and susceptibility to root rot. It was found that fertilizing has a positive effect on growth, development and yield of buckwheat in comparison with the control. Potassium humate was revealed to be particularly effective and showed the yield range from 3.2 t/ha in Chishminskaya and Barynya varieties and to 4.0 t/ha in Devyatka variety.

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