The paper is devoted to the discourse of multilingual online communities, with the Belarusian language and mixed Belarusian-Russian speech (trasianka) used to create humorous situations. The problem of involvement of different Belarusian language idioms on the Internet is discussed. In addition, the code preferences and code-switching in the publications and comments of the participants of the communities are analyzed, and the interrelation between code and genre-discursive characteristics of messages is identified. Messages that form the humorous culture of the online communities concerned are classified into two types based on the writer’s intention: informative and phatic. Phatic messages create a playful emotional back-ground, provide integration of the community members, and are an effective way to maintain intragroup solidarity relying on a shared sense of humor. Members of the online community publish informative messages to ironically interpret, ridicule, and negatively assess events in the life of Belarusian society. It has been established that informative and phatic types of messages in a discourse of “humorous” online communities are marked through different language codes. When creating phatic messages in the online community, users prefer the Belarusian literary language. Informative messages are formed by means of a network version of the mixed Belarusian-Russian speech with intentionally distorted language code, demonstrative marginalization of a speech stream, a LOL trasianka. Such language coding provides the members of online communities with a scenario signal and allows them to prevent the conflicts that could result from disagreement with the proposed humorous situation development strategy.
Статья посвящена проблеме формирования и функционирования в интернет-среде субстандартных вариантов национальных языков. Рассматривается сравнительно новое явление «смехового» использования смешанной белорусско-русской речи трасянки в сетевых сообществах белорусского сегмента Интернета. Источником языкового материала стали креолизованные полилоги белорусскоязычных сообществ в социальной сети «ВКонтакте». Цель работы – выявить дискурсивно-прагматическую специфику использования субстандартного варианта белорусского языка трасянки в коммуникативных практиках белорусскоязычных сетевых сообществ. Обоснована важность анализа кодовых смешений в контексте их идеологического преломления, с точки зрения их роли в формировании дискурсивных предпочтений «текущего момента». Сделано предположение, что в условиях фрагментированного пространства интернет-коммуникаций социально и идеологически маркированные варианты из субстандартной периферии языка могут использоваться как один из инструментов локальной групповой идентификации и стратификации сетевого коммуникативного пространства. Предложено понятие LOL-трасянки как особого сетевого варианта смешанной белорусско-русской речи, выделены ее основные языковые и дискурсивно-прагматические характеристики: ироническая эрративизация, девиантные речевые практики, доминирование жанров комического дискурса, специфический функциональный репертуар. Отмечено, что в отличие от устной трасянки с ее русифицированной белорусскоязычной основой, в LOL-трасянке чаще представлена фонетически и грамматически «адаптированная» русская речь. Показано, что LOL-трасянка с намеренно утрированным, пародийным кодовым смешением используется участниками сетевых сообществ для создания иронично-гротескового дискурса с социально-критической направленностью.
The article is devoted to LOL-trasianka – a network variety of mixed Belarus-Russian speech, which is actively used in Belarus Internet communities as a source of comic and a trigger for laughing communicative situations. It was found that laughter discourse in LOL-trasianka is characterized by deliberate distortion of the norms of both Russian and Belarus languages, hypertrophied interference, violation of ethical and etiquette rules of communication, demonstrative marginalization of the speech flow, general intention of irony and sarcasm. Sociolinguistic and communicative-discursive factors that determined the status of LOL-trasianka as the main code resource of Internet communities with an ironic-grotesque discourse of a socially critical orientation are a) stereotypes of marking the state Russian and Belarus languages and their variants; b) strengthening the symbolic function of the Belarus language; c) disdainful attitude towards mixed Belarus-Russian speech; d) expanding the scope of use of trasianka. It was found that in the communicative interaction of participants in the analyzed communities, LOL-trasianka performs a number of functions: creative (is a means of self-expression of participants), emotional expressive (allows the writer to convey a palette of emotions), integrative (unites members of the online community), identification (provides adequate perception and understanding each other’s intentions), interpretive (forms an alternative laughing reality), dissociative (expresses the protest of community members, dissatisfaction with the surrounding reality).
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