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To measure the volumes of health and degenerated intervertebral foramina and to analyze correlation between the obtained data and clinical presentation of disease. Material and Methods. Intervertebral foramen volume was measured in 227 patients with bilateral degenerative disease in the cervical (89), thoracic (28), and lumbar (110) spine, using spiral computed tomography. Bone and soft tissue components of the foramen determined the volume loss in comparison with the opposite side. The loss was considered moderate if the volume decreased by 15��0 �� as evidenced by at least ��0 �� as evidenced by at least �0 �� as evidenced by at least one component, marked � by �1��0 �� and significant � by ��0 �� and significant � by �0 �� and significant � by more than �0 ��. Results. The volume of intervertebral foramina at all spinal levels in men exceeded that in women. Essential and statistically reliable differences between indicators at both sides were revealed neither in men, nor in women. Correlation between a foramen volume and a patient's height was revealed: height increase was associated with volume accrual. Direct correlation between indices of intervertebral foramen volume, pain syndrome intensity, and radiculopathy severity was observed. Conclusions. CT-assisted measurement of intervertebral foramen volume enables determining the rate of its loss from both bone and soft-tissue components. As well as any other results of additional investigation, digital parameters should be estimated in a complex, taking into account clinical presentation of disease.

Background. Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases globally. The unified concept about the role of hippocampus in the development of pharmacoresistant temporal lobe epilepsy is currently missing. Patients with pharmacoresistant temporal lobe epilepsy is often carried out by invasive electrocorticography to identify an epileptic focus. Registration of bioelectric activity of the hippocampus and comparison of data from the MRI pattern of the patient will determine the neurophysiological correlates of structural changes in hippocampus.Objective. The aim of the work was to determine the neurophysiological correlates of structural changes in the hippocampus in patients with focally caused temporal lobe epilepsy.Design and methods. The study was based on the analysis of the results of extraoperative invasive monitoring of the bioelectrical activity of the cortex and hippocampal complex, performed in 19 patients with focally caused drug-resistant epilepsy. The quantitative analysis included 34 tracks of hippocampal activity.Results. A distinctive feature of the bioelectrical activity of the hippocampal complex with its structural damage is the stable dominance of delta activity, which makes up 40–45 % of the total spectrum power. When the hippocampal complex is included in the epileptic system, high-index epileptiform activity is recorded. In the absence of structural damage to the hippocampal complex, the pattern is predominantly formed by the activity of theta and alpha frequency ranges. However, in the group of patients with the absence of a neuroimaging picture of sclerotic changes in the hippocampus, in 63 % of cases, a neurophysiological pattern of “prolapse” was recorded on the electrocorticogram. The spontaneous activity of the hippocampus had a low coherent relationship with the parameters of activity in the cortex of the ipsilateral and contralateral temporal lobes.Conclusions. The electrophysiological correlate of MR-positive structural changes in the hippocampal complex in drug-resistant epilepsy is the pattern of “loss of bioelectric activity”. Spontaneous hippocampal activity is generated independently of activity in the cortex of the ipsilateral and contralateral temporal lobes.

Stroke occurs when the blood flow in the brain tissues decreases, causing morphological changes - microcirculation disturbances leading to a change in the density of the substance, which can be visualized using radiation diagnostic methods and based on the data obtained, to identify patients at high risk of stroke. The purpose of this study is to study density of brain stem structures in patients with different stroke outcomes compared to the control group. When analyzing these indicators, a correlation was found between changes in brain stem density and the likelihood of a stroke.