Article is dedicated to the trade and economic links of USA and EU. The authors tried to find out key features and characteristics of these cooperation. The result of the investigation and the analysis is development of the term “economic anamorphosis”, the concept of which is the critical domination of the weight and share of limited list of partners in the system of bilateral cooperation, when one of the partners is regional economic integration, and the biggest share of trade, capital, human and other flows is attracted by these determined limited list of countries. Such situation can be estimated as disproportion of partner’s estimation and evaluation by each other. It means that economic integration is estimated not as the complex partner and subject of the global economy but with the using of deduction method.
В статье проведен обзор состояния и перспектив российско-индийского военно-техниче-ского сотрудничества, которое является знаковым и важным для стран-партнеров, что под-тверждается доминирующим положение России в качестве ведущего поставщика вооружений на рынок Индии (более 50%), и наличием фактически эксклюзивной в своем роде с Индией «Программы военно-технического сотрудничества до 2020 года».Установлено, что факторы, способствующие дальнейшему сокращению доли России на индийском рынке вооружений, следующие: либерализация инвестиционной политики Индии, увеличившая порог присутствия иностранных инвесторов в военно-промышленном комплек-се (ВПК) Индии до 49%; неспособность России удовлетворить спрос Индии во всех сферах вооружений; проводимая Индией политика диверсификации поставщиков продукции во-енного назначения (ПВН); ряд тендеров, которые не смогла выиграть Россия по поставке вооружений в Республику. Активизация поиска прорывных технологий, офсетные соглашения, а также более глубокая проработка и развитие текущих проектов позволят России не только удержать, но и нарастить свои позиции на рынке вооружений Индии.Ключевые слова: Россия, Индия, военно-техническое сотрудничество, МиГ, Брамос, экс-порт вооружений, импорт вооружений, объем заказов, фактическая поставка Введение
Article is dedicated to the determination of key features of the United States participation in the international capital movement on the example of FDI outflows and inflows, and confirmation of its heterogeneous nature. Tax reform that has been implemented in the end of 2017 led to the result when USA was deleted of the list of TOP-20 world investors of 2018 (by UNCTAD). The scientific opinion and fears were connected with the forecasts that the tax reform could change the movement of FDI flows back to the USA from foreign countries, especially, and the countries with the low taxes and the most favorable investment regimes. At the same time, it needs to underline that the analysis of U.S. FDI inflows and outflows showed that the negative indicator of U.S. FDI outflow (export) in 2018-2019 was connected with the repatriation of U.S. holding companies profits, that were doing business in countries with the most favorable tax and investment regimes. The authors tried to investigate the nature of the American holdings role and the integration of U.S. in to the global system of FDI and capital movement.
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