The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is progressively increasing nowadays, as well as of other diseases associated with obesity. Though the detectability of new DM cases is still low. The present study deals with type 2 DM prevalence assessment in Russian population and in hypertensive patients. Objective. To assess type 2 DM prevalence, including undiagnosed DM, in general population and in population of hypertensive patients according to ESSE RF (Cardiovascular disease epidemiology in Russian Federation regions) study results. Materials and methods. A random population sampling of men and women aged 25-64 years in 10 cities in Russia (n=16 936) was performed. Results. The prevalence of DM accounted for 5.2%, newly diagnosed (undiagnosed) DM was found in 3.5% respondents. Among hypertensive patients the prevalence of DM was higher and accounted for 8.6%. In 5.2% of the respondents the fasting glucose level was higher than 7 mmol/L with no DM in past medical history. The prevalence of DM in general population accounted for 8.6% and in hypertensive patients - 13.8%.

Analysis of routine clinical practice of hypertensive patient management represents one of the important tools in the search for further ways to minimize hypertension-associated cardiovascular and renal adverse outcomes. Aim. To compare the strategies for hypertension management and features of clinical use of I1-imidazoline receptor (I1-IR) agonists in the Russian Federation and other countries where the STRAIGHT (Selective imidazoline receptor agonists Treatment Recommendation and Action In Global management of HyperTension) study was conducted. Materials and methods. It was a cross-sectional online study involving physicians of various specializations. The study was conducted from January 18 to July 1, 2019, in seven countries with a high rate of I1-IR agonist prescription, including Russia. Results. A total of 125 (4.5%) responders filled out the survey in the Russian Federation, which was somewhat lower than in other countries (6.8%). The participants were mostly general practitioners (54.0%) and cardiologists (42.0%), while in other countries greater diversity was seen. Most Russian physicians (83.0%) seemed to rely on national clinical guidelines in their routine practice, while in other countries the US guidelines were more popular (66.0%). The majority of responders stated that they took into account the traditional risk factors of hypertension when initiating the therapy; every second responder noted if sleep apnea was present. Awareness of I1-IR agonists, their prescription rate and their preference were higher in Russia. The main reported benefits of I1-IR agonists were their efficacy, including in resistant hypertension, and their metabolic effects (in Russia). Most participants preferred I1-IR agonists as third-line therapy (65.0% in Russia vs 60.0% in other countries) and in combination with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) (55.0% in Russia vs 54.0% in other countries). Compared to responders from other countries, Russian physicians prescribe I1-IR agonists as first-line (15.0% vs 5.0%) and second-line (48.0% vs 21.0%) therapy more often. Conclusion. Russian physicians were the most aware of I1-IR agonists and tended to prescribe drugs of this class for hypertension management more often, and I1-IR agonist combination with ACEi was preferable compared to physician responders from other countries. Antihypertensive efficacy and metabolic effects were reported as the major benefits of I1-IR agonist therapy.

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