No abstract

Житомирський національний агроекологічний університет бульвар Старий, 7, м. Житомир, 10008, Україна Визначено, що досягнення сільського розвитку можливе лише за умови достатнього фінансування як економічних, так і соціальних та екологічних потреб, джерелом якого повинен стати нарощений місцевими товаровиробниками капітал. Обґрунтовано, що рівень капіталізації сільськогосподарських підприємств в Україні доцільно визначати на основі дуального підходу: капіталізація публічних агрохолдингів встановлюється за ринковою оцінкою акцій, що котируються на світових біржових майданчиках, а капіталізація решти сільськогосподарських підприємств -за вартістю збільшення активів. Здійснено припущення, що детермінантами, які визначають розмір капіталізації є: земельний банк, організаційно-правова форма господарювання (як можливість доступу до кредитних ресурсів), забезпеченість технікою, застосування новітніх технологій та інші чинники, які здатні генерувати прибуток, що з часом може бути капіталізованим у підприємство або спожитим власниками. Відмічено, що малі, середні та великі сільськогосподарські підприємства України у 2017 р. відображали відносно пропорційний стан їх розвитку: найбільші розміри інвестованого капіталу, обсяги заборгованості, забезпеченість необоротними активами та фінансові результати господарювання були отримані середніми підприємствами, а найменшімалими. В результаті мультифакторного аналізу темпу зростання вартості капіталу сільськогосподарських підприємств встановлено, що найстабільніші показники характерні для середніх підприємств, оскільки вони значно легше, ніж малі, реагують на систематичні ризики і, водночас, здатні до більшої мобільності, ніж великі. Окреслено, що наслідками достатнього рівня капіталізації можуть стати: нарощення потужності самих підприємств, фінансування й освоєння соціальних і громадських проектів, дотримання екологічної безпеки, досягнення сталого розвитку місцевих територій тощо. Ключові слова: сільський розвиток, капіталізація сільськогосподарських підприємств, детермінанти темпів капіталізації, мультифакторний аналіз капіталізації.

The article presents the substantiation of the methodological model of the development of the banking system of Ukraine. The purpose of the research is to analyze the key aspects of the functioning of the banking system of Ukraine as well as to provide the theoretical and methodological substantiation of the model for its development. The analysis of the issues raised in the study was carried out according to the general methodological scheme of the system approach. The empirical analysis was conducted using the data of 2013-2017. Monetary instruments of the central bank, which allowed an objective evaluation of its activities in the field of monetary regulation, are identified in the course of the research. The main trends in the development of the banking system of Ukraine are revealed. It is established that it was possible to stabilize the situation in the banking system owing to the restoring of the fund base, recognizing the real quality of assets and implementing programs of capitalization by virtually all large banks. It is found out that commercial banks currently own a right amount of capital and liquidity to resume lending to the economy.The most probable trend of the development of the banking system of Ukraine in the immediate future is illustrated. It is established that a clear and realistic paradigm with the outlined priorities, objectives, tasks, and the stages of its implementation is able to ensure a sustainable development of the banking system. The most important tasks for the development of the banking system in accordance with the European integration processes, national needs and interests are defined; they include effective redistribution of capital; high-quality banking services; sufficient level of competitive ability; compliance of the domestic banking system with the international standards; financial availability (inclusion). The implementation stages of the paradigm for the development of the banking system of Ukraine are established, namely restoration, activation and well-balanced international integration.

The article is aimed at theoretical-methodological substantiation of the problems of formation and development of recommendations on strategic directions for the development of social responsibility of business. The article substantiates the need to create a favorable business environment in society on the basis of the formation of a holistic system of social responsibility and consistency of interests of all economic entities. It is determined that in the process of increasing business activity of enterprises, focusing only on economic problems, humanity loses other important issues, in particular: spirituality, social justice, lean attitude to the environment, etc. It is specified that the social responsibility of business is based on making effective managerial decisions in the process of meeting the needs of consumers with high-quality goods and services, providing appropriate working conditions for employees, interaction with stakeholders, preserving the environment, etc. Attention is focused on improving the level of corporate reputation of business, which consists in refusing to discriminate against employees on the following features: limited physical capabilities; sexual orientation; gender identity and sexual characteristic. In particular, the findings of an assessment of the level of corporate reputation demonstrate a strong positive connection between the results of financial and economic activities of business structures and their ability to effectively integrate efforts from the sphere of corporate social responsibility into the management system of the corporation. Strategic guidelines for further development of social responsibility of business, which is based on the implementation of the conception of sustainable development of society in terms of social, economic and ecological components, are proposed. Prospects for further research are the formation of corporate social responsibility as a component of the management system in corporations

The article is aimed at establishing a modern vector of development of pawnshops in Ukraine. The current state of the pawnshop loans market is analyzed and its detailed analysis is carried out from the point of view of opportunities and threats at the macrolevel and strengths and weaknesses at the microlevel. In the course of a SWOT analysis of the state of the pawnshop loans market, the relative balance of prospects and challenges of economic, social and political nature, which have an impact on the functioning of pawnshops, is determined. The hypothesis about the significant impact on the development of pawnshops in Ukraine such factors as the solvency of the population and the volume of economic development (in terms of GDP per capita) is put forward. A regressive model of development of the pawnshop lending market is formed, the economic interpretation of which is the possibility of increasing the volume of issued pawnshop loans with an increase in the volume of average monthly incomes of citizens, and their reduction is possible with an increase in the unemployment rate in Ukraine and a build-up in the level of GDP per capita. It is assumed that the results of the model reflect a critical limit of the cumulative impact of selected socio-economic factors, when low incomes of the population with high unemployment and slow GDP growth cause an unconventional effect – a reduction in the volume of the short-term lending market, characterized by the effect of behavioral finances, when it is more important for borrowers to avoid unjustified costs than to receive short-term benefits. It is emphasized that the possibilities of development of pawnshops are concentrated in the vector of their qualitative renewal: the formation of a legislative basis for self-regulation of the market, deepening of work to improve financial literacy of the population, in particular, public awareness of the risks of obtaining loans in pawnshops.