<p>The study is aimed at studying at determining the temporal dynamics of crossmodal priming in preschool children. The study involved 60 children aged 4 to 6 years (M = 5.6; SD = 1.2) and 20 adult subjects aged 17 to 23 years (M = 20.4; SD = 2.6). The priming paradigm was used as a research model. In this study, we determined the influence of a priori visual stimulation on the speed and accuracy of identification of test sounds, depending on the congruence of their combination with visual objects and the interval between the test and prime stimuli. In the course of the study, it was found that in 4-year-old children, a priori visual information leads to a decrease in the accuracy and speed of reaction to test sound stimuli - a negative priming effect. The magnitude of the negative priming effect decreases with an increase in the interval between prime and test stimuli. In 5-year-old children, the number of errors increases only when incongruent combinations of stimuli are presented - a negative priming effect. On the contrary, the reaction time decreases only in congruent trials with when the test stimulus is delayed relative to the prime by 150-500 ms &mdash; a positive priming effect. In 6-year-old children and adults, the accuracy of the reaction does not change, and the reaction rate significantly increases in congruent trials positive priming effect) and decreases in incongruent trials (negative priming effect). The observed dynamics of changes in the interaction of sound and visual stimulation testifies to the formation of mechanisms of attention and multisensory integration in preschool children.</p>

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The study aimed at the analyzing of the temporal dynamics of visual priming in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The study involved 20 children with typical development (5 girls and 15 boys, age 6.4±0.4 years), 20 children with mild form of ASD (all boys, age 6.7±0.3 years), 20 children with medium form of ASD (18 boys and 2 girls, age 6.6±0.4 years), 20 children with hard ASD (17 boys and 3 girls, age 6.8±0.2 years). The priming paradigm was used as a research model. Targets were in the form of gratings of horizontal and vertical lines with a repetition rate of 10 cycles per degree. A prime in the form of a vertical grating with a repetition rate of 2 cycles per degree was presented ahead of the target stimulus by 50–600 ms. In the course of the study, it was found that, in contrast to the typical development, in all children with ASD, the effect of prime is absent at interstimulus intervals (ISI) of 50÷150 ms. The response time decreases to congruent and incongruent targets with ISI 200–600 ms with light and medium ASD and with ISI 200–300 ms with hard ASD. The results indicate that changes in the mechanisms of interaction between the prime and targets and the switching of attention between them are manifested in different time intervals after the prime, depending on the severity of ASD.

Нейрональные механизмы когнитивных процессовBrain mechanisms of cognitive processes Устные доклады Айдаркин Е.К. РОЛЬ МЕЖМОДАЛЬНОГО ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ В ПОСЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ЭФФЕКТАХ Aidarkin Eugeny K. CROSSMODAL INTERACTION IN SUCCESSIVE EFFECTS