This conceptual article aims at analyzing the impact of political and economic actions taken by states during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic on their academic attractiveness for international students. The resulting crisis conditions demanded to make a lot of decisions in a very short time, thus speeding up the dynamic of the situation development and allowing to more accurately trace necessary interconnections over a short observation period.The authors focus their attention on English-speaking countries, which traditionally attract large numbers of international students: Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom and the USA. The research is based on the analysis of secondary empirical data obtained from foreign sources, as well as on official statistics. The short-term impact of political and economic decisions, made by heads of states and responsible institutions, on countries’ academic attractiveness and their perception by international students is assessed via critical and reflective analysis of surveys and researches, as well as via available data on international students’ enrollment in 2020/2021 academic year.The authors found a correlation between the decisions taken by the countries during Spring – Summer 2020 and the subsequent transformation of their academic attractiveness under the increasing competition between countries and the students’ choice of the best opportunities for their future career and life. The authors assessed the following factors affecting the attractiveness of a state as a studying destination: economic support measures taken by the governments of the considered countries during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, new adjustments in visa rules for foreign students and related regulatory changes, as well as the most significant public statements by officials. The research topic can be further expanded and supplemented through data actualization, including additional factors into the analysis and expanding the time period of the study. The findings and recommendations given in the conclusion of the article can be practically applied when developing state education export strategies or universities’ and educational agencies’ recruiting approaches.
The pandemic of COVID‐19 became a resilience test for internationalization in Russia and emphasized many systemic trends, both promising and concerning. The turbulence and instability during the pandemic initiated the growth of internationalization activities at the institutional level in two directions: first, it increased attention to the quality of work with current international students, including student support, adaptation issues, student engagement, and second, due to the risks in student enrolment, it brought universities to rethink their internationalization instruments and strategies for work with international applicants and future students. Indeed, the ongoing changes in global education call for reconsideration of the priorities and methods of internationalization: new forms of internationalization become widespread practices, new instruments are necessary for student recruitment, and new push and pull factors come into play. While internationalization of education in Russia during the pandemic was addressed at the national level to a degree, the universities carried out the key activities and had to come up with solutions “in the field”. The paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of Russia's transition through the pandemic and tackle the changes at the university level, based on a comparison of data of the survey of international departments of Russian universities conducted in 2020 and the survey of 2021, supported by semi‐structured interviews. The research offers insights on the capacity for change and resilience in Russian universities within the internationalization domain and can help to develop data‐driven approaches for improvement of organizational capacity of universities.
Тема данной статьи -доверие к результатам международных рейтингов университетов. Рейтингование университетов изначально развивалось как инструмент независимой оценки достижений этих высших учебных заведений. Однако становится все более очевидно, что рейтинги трансформируются в инструмент, фиксирующий индикаторы успешности университетов и, таким образом, влияют на их поведение и в конечном сче-те -на формирование стратегий развития. Тема доверия к международным рейтингам рассматривается в связи с реализацией наци-ональных инициатив академического превосходства ряда стран, в том числе России, так как в ряде случаев достижения университетов в рейтингах являются индикатором, под-тверждающим академические достижения университетов -участников этих программ. На основании повышения позиций университетов в рейтингах принимаются многие управленческие и в том числе финансовые решения на уровне государства. В статье рассмотрены пять базовых аспектов доверия к результатам рейтинга: авторство методологии, источник финансирования, источник данных, определение весовых коэф-фициентов индикаторов, использование инструмента экспертных опросов. Автор подвергает сомнению соответствие идеи конкуренции миссии современных уни-верситетов и приходит к выводу, что, возможно, участие в рейтинговой гонке фиксирует жесткие рамки, не позволяющие университетам устанавливать собственные приорите-ты, и тем самым ограничивает возможности для их академического развития. Актуальность темыСоставители одного из самых известных международных рейтингов университе-тов маркетинговое агентство QS в своих презентациях приводит цитату бывшего ректора Кембриджского университета Элисон Ричард: «У рейтингов много не-достатков, они не дают достаточно точного представления об университетах... Но я очень счастлива, когда Кембриджский университет занимает первое место в рейтингах лучших университетов мира» 1 . По сути, в этой цитате фиксирует-ся, что руководители университетов-лидеров объективно оценивают недостатки 1 Презентация о рейтинге лучших университетов мира QS World University Rankings «Инс-трумент для проведения сравнительной оценки университетов в глобальном масштабе».
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