U pacientov s menej prísnymi cieľmi glykovaného hemoglobínu (HbA 1c ) môže byť obtiažne dosiahnuť cieľové hodnoty liečby lipidových parametrov pri vysokom kardiovaskulárnom riziku. Sledovali sme koreláciu medzi hodnotami triacylglycerolov (TAG), lipoproteínu s vysokou hustotou (HDL) a lipoproteínu s nízkou hustotou (LDL) s hodnotami HbA 1c , ako aj s body mass indexom (BMI) v čase diagnózy ochorenia, ktorá by mohla pomôcť identifikovať pacientov so zvýšeným rizikom kardiovaskulárnych chorôb. V kohortnej štúdii sme vyšetrovali ambulantných pacientov s novo diagnostikovaným a doteraz neliečeným diabetes mellitus 2. typu v priebehu 5 rokov. U pacientov (117 mužov a 83 žien, s vekom 30-92 rokov) odoslaných na diabetologickú ambulanciu sa realizovali odbery venóznej krvi nalačno na vyšetrenie HbA 1c metódou podľa Medzinárodnej federácie klinickej chémie a laboratórnej medicíny (IFCC), resp. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT), HDL, LDL, TAG. Realizovali sme aj antropometrické vyšetrenia, zahŕňajúce výšku, telesnú hmotnosť s výpočtom BMI, obvod pásu, zmeraný v horizontálnej rovine v prostriedku vzdialenosti medzi hornou hranou lopaty bedrovej kosti a spodnou hranou posledného rebra vo výdychu a krvný tlak. Z našej štúdie neboli vylúčení pacienti, ktorí užívali liečbu statínom alebo fibrátom. Podľa výsledkov našej štúdie vysoký HbA1c zvyšoval riziko zvýšenia LDL-cholesterolu a TAG v celom súbore pacientov (p = 0,012) a (p = 0,017) a vysoké BMI zvyšovalo riziko zníženia HDL-cholesterolu v súbore žien (p = 0,010), z čoho vyplýva zvýšené riziko aterogenecity. HbA1c možno hodnotiť ako priamy marker zvýšenia LDL a TAG a ako nepriamy marker hodnotenia rizika ochorenia koronárnych artérií.Kľúčové slová: body mass index, diabetes mellitus 2. typu, glykovaný hemoglobín, lipoproteíny. Glycated haemoglobin as a marker of elevated LDL and TAG: a cohort studyPatients with less severe glycated haemoglobin (HbA 1c ) targets may find it difficult to achieve the target values of lipid parameters treatment at high cardiovascular risk. We have been monitoring the correlation between levels of triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) with glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA 1c ) by IFCC method (method of testing according to the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine) and by DCCT method (Diabetes Control and Complication Trial) as well as body mass index (BMI) at the time of diagnosis of the disease, that could help identify patients with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. In the cohort study we were monitoring outpatients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus during a 5 year period. Patients (117 men, 83 women), aged from 30 to 92 years were conducted sampling blood glucose, HbA 1c (IFCC/DCCT), HDL, LDL, TG. At baseline, the patients' height, weight, waist circumference, calculated BMI and blood pressure were measured. Waist circumference was measured in the horizontal plane in the middle of the distance between the upper edge of the iliac ...

Aim. To study the rehabilitation effect of the combination of aerobic and breathing exercise during stroke recovery in elderly women.Material and methods. The study was carried out on the basis of a geriatric home for 3 months. It involved 24 women aged 60-70 years at a long-term period after an ischemic stroke. The physical rehabilitation program for patients with mild neurological consequences consisted of two blocks: respiratory and aerobic exercise. Hemodynamic parameters, respiratory function, and exercise tolerance was assessed.Results. Preliminary examination of women revealed low respiratory reserves. The most significant changes were recorded in relation to bronchial patency. The hypokinetic circulation type with high blood pressure was determined, while the mean dynamic pressure significantly exceeded 100 mm Hg. The implementation of the physical rehabilitation program provided a stable positive effect with an increase in the functional respiratory reserves and exercise tolerance, the optimization of cardiovascular homeostasis. Parameters of bronchial patency increased significantly in comparison to the initial level (p<0,01). Aerobic exercise provided a decrease in the heart rate (p<0,05). The resulting effect of rehabilitation was a decrease in the main hemodynamic parameters, a change in the circulation type with an increase in the cardiac index to 2,10±0,1 l/m2, (p<0,01). In the control group, the rehabilitation effect was less pronounced and mostly associated with a decrease in blood pressure.Conclusion. A long-term stay of patients after ischemic stroke in a geriatric home opens up wide opportunities for effective recovery using rehabilitation programs.

A b s t r a c tThe prospective study analyses prevalence of coronary heart disease, stroke, elevated serum levels of ALT and GGT and prevalence of cancer diseases in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus, and usage of this epidemiological data in everyday clinical practice. Outpatients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus were monitoring during the period of August 2007 -August 2011. The patients with previously treated type 2 diabetes mellitus were eliminated from the monitoring. The population consists of 117 males and 83 females aged 30 to 92 years sent by GPs and various specialists.The relatively low prevalence of known coronary artery disease was recorded in men (34%) and in women (19%). Prevalence of stroke history was confirmed in 12% of men and 7% of women. The elevated serum ALT levels > 0.55 μkat/l was recorded in 45% of men and 45% of women and elevated serum GGT levels > 0.45 μkat/l was recorded in 81% of men and 68% of women. Prevalence of cancer diseases was recorded 5% in women and 5.26% of men. In the studied group of patients there was recorded the occurrence of colon cancer in men over 64 years old and the occurrence of breast cancer, endometrial cancer and colon cancer in women over 62 years old.