This literature review analyzed the possible mechanisms of the influence of the design features and optical characteristics of monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) on the characteristics of sensorineural adaptation and visual rehabilitation in patients after cataract phacoemulsification. Bibliographic research of scientific publications was carried out in the following databases: Medline, Pubmed, Cochrane, eLibrary. Languages of publications: Russian and English. The literature review reflects research data on the physicochemical properties, optical surface and color of the IOL filter, spatial contrast sensitivity and wavefront aberrations. Analysis of domestic and foreign literature has demonstrated the absence of a systematic approach to the study of sensorineural adaptation in patients after implantation of monofocal IOLs, which would make it possible to reasonably develop requirements for qualitative and constructive characteristics in the production of intraocular lenses to improve the quantitative and qualitative indicators of their visual functions in order to reduce the terms of rehabilitation and improvement of quality of life indicators in patients with pseudophakia. At the same time, there is an obvious need for research on the influence of the design and quality characteristics of optical intraocular implants on the subjective “quality of vision” of patients with pseudophakia, which is, ultimately, the target indicator of cataract surgery at the present stage. Also, the key mechanisms of neurosensory rehabilitation and adaptation of patients who underwent cataract surgery need to be studied and clarified in order to develop recommendations for the production of intraocular implants.

The article presents data on the management of pregnancy in women with eye diseases. Ophthalmological manifestations in various pathological conditions on the part of the organs of vision are clearly shown. Presents the procedure for management of pregnancy and childbirth in women with both eye diseases and ophthalmic morpho-functional changes associated with the development of gestational complications. The admissibility of carrying out laser-surgical treatment methods for pathological changes in the organs of vision in a pregnant woman is noted. Ophthalmological changes are indicated, which are taken into account when choosing a mode of delivery.

Purpose. Compare the anatomical and functional results of using PRP technology in the surgery of macular holes of various diameters. Materials and methods. We observed 15 patients (15 eyes). After the vitrectomy, the internal border membrane was peeled. Platelet-rich autoplasm was injected intravitreally. The observation period was 1 month. Results. As a result of surgical treatment, we managed to close the opening in all cases, restore the anatomy of the fovea, and improve visual acuity in all patients. Conclusions. According to the assessment of the results obtained in the ongoing study, the use of this technology is an effective and promising method of treatment based on the stimulation of the tissues' own regenerative potential. Key words: мacular foramen, platelet-rich plasma, vitreomacular interface, macular pathology, vitrectomy, internal border membrane, posterior hyaloid membrane, retina, vitreoretinal surgery, foveolar fossa.

No abstract